1921—1941年:日本为何开启太平洋战争

1921-1941: Why did Japan Initiate the Pacific War

太平洋战争的爆发是第二次世界大战过程中的重要事件,日本为何在实力远逊于美国的情况下主动发起战争是重要的研究议题。对1921年至1941年间的日美关系发展历程进行梳理,可以发现:在1921年,由于防御占优、攻防可区分度高、美日实力差距悬殊、美日都认为对方是安全国且日本是安全国,因此日美就《华盛顿条约》达成一致;在1936年,由于进攻优势增加、攻防可区分度降低、美日实力差距缩小、日本变为贪婪国且认为美国是贪婪国,因此日本废弃《华盛顿条约》;在1941年,由于进攻占优、攻防可区分度低、美日实力差距进一步缩小、美日都认为对方是贪婪国且日本是贪婪国,因此日本发动了太平洋战争。

The outbreak of the Pacific War was an important event in the course of World War II,and why Japan took the initiative to start the war despite its far inferior strength to the United States is an important topic of study.A review of the development of Japan-U.S.relations between 1921 and 1941 reveals that:in 1921,Japan and the U.S.agreed on the Washington Naval Treaty because of the superiority of defense,the high distinguishability between offense and defense,the disparity between the U.S.and Japanese power gap,and the U.S.-Japan perception that the other side was the security country and that Japan was the security country;in 1936,due to the increase of offensive superiority,the decrease of distinguishability between offense and defense,and the decrease of the U.S.-Japanese power gap,Japan became a greedy country and considered the U.S.to be a greedy country,so Japan abandoned the Washington Naval Treaty;in 1941,due to the offensive superiority,the decrease of distinguishability between offense and defense,and the further decrease of the U.S.-Japanese power gap,the U.S.and Japan believed that the other country was a greedy country and that Japan was a greedy country,so Japan initiated a war in the Pacific Ocean.