从“经世济民”到“经济”:二十世纪初中国经济词汇的近代转型

From “Jing Shi Ji Min” to “Jing Ji”: The Modern Transformation ofChinese Economic Vocabulary at the Beginning of the 20th Century

思想转型的一个重要体现是新旧词汇与概念的异变、演进。十九世纪后期,随着欧美日中各方经济思想的发展与交流,中国传统“经济”(经世济民)词汇与“Economy”一词逐渐靠近并合流。二十世纪初期新政变法背景下国人输入大量经济学说,由于单字在翻译英日文中“Economy”“经济”相关派生词汇时并不适宜,现代含义的“经济”各种派生词汇在各种公共媒体平台广泛流行与传播,并影响着国人近代经济思想的转型。二十世纪初的“富国”思想已逐渐从十九世纪的“富国”语境转变到“经济”发展语境,拉开了现代国家经济发展观念语境体系形成的序幕。

An important manifestation of the ideological transformation is the variation and evolution of old and new vocabularies and concepts.In the late 19th century,with the development and exchange of economic thoughts from Europe,America,Japan,and China,the traditional Chinese concept of“Jing Ji”(Jing Shi Ji Min)gradually converged with the Western term“economy”.At the beginning of the 20th century,in the context of the Xin-zheng Reforms in the Late Qing Dynasty,the Chinese people imported numerous economic theories,and because the single word was not suitable for translating the derivatives of“Economy”in English and Japanese,a variety of derivatives with modern meanings of“Economy”was widely popularized and spread on various public media platforms and have influenced the transformation of modern economic thought among the Chinese people.At the beginning of the twentieth century,the idea of Fu Guo has gradually changed from the 19th century context of Fu Guo to a context of“economic”development,which opened the formation of the conceptual context of economic development of modern countries.