拜伦《审判的幻景》中的撒旦主义和意识形态

The Satanism and Ideology in Byron’s The Vision of Judgment

拜伦的政治讽刺诗《审判的幻景》是对骚塞的《审判的幻景》的回击。骚塞污蔑拜伦是撒旦派成员,拜伦以毒攻毒,把撒旦当作一个政治传声筒来嘲讽骚塞所维护的主导意识形态。作品反映出独具特色的撒旦主义观。本文探究《审判的幻景》与撒旦主义所依托的欧洲和英国文学谱系、撒旦主义与意识形态冲突的关联,以及撒旦主义对传统型撒旦的解构等论题。浪漫型撒旦是意识形态冲突中一个有力的政治工具和象征物;也是拜伦的人格面具,取代后者对统治集团所粉饰的意识形态幻象进行祛魅。撒旦主义弘扬弥尔顿的撒旦的反抗精神,但并没有无原则地神化撒旦,而传统型撒旦始终是浪漫派撒旦主义反抗的对象。

Byron's political satire,The Vision of Judgment,is a counterattack against Southey's“vision poem”.Southey smirched Byron as a member of the Satanic School;Byron fought fire with fire,using Satan as a political mouthpiece to mock the dominant ideology Southey defended.The poem reflects the unique concept of Satanism.This paper explores such topics as the European and English literary genealogy that Vision and the Satanism rely on,the connection between the Satanism and the ideological conflict,and deconstruction of the traditional Satan by the Satanism.The Romantic Satan is a powerful political tool and symbol in the ideological conflict;he is also Byron's persona,replacing the latter to disenchant the ideological illusion whitewashed by the ruling clique.The Satanism promotes Miltonic Satan's rebellious spirit,but does not deify Satan without principles,and the traditional Satan has always been the object that the Romantic Satanism resists.