论《尤利西斯》中的殖民医学、本土医学和健康共同体想象

The Colonial Medicine,Indigenous Medicine and Community of Common Health in Ulysses

殖民情境下的医学问题是《尤利西斯》这部爱尔兰民族史诗所触及的重要面向之一。殖民医学以科学方法为基础,是一种生命治理术,代表了英国对爱尔兰人身体的掌控;本土医学体现了爱尔兰人对传统文化的维护,也是民族主义者对抗殖民统治的手段。这两种遵循排他逻辑的医学观念的冲突一方面戕害了爱尔兰人的健康,另一方面又凸显了错综复杂的殖民现代性问题。不过,通过对“游牧式主体”布卢姆的杂糅的卫生观和健康共同体想象的勾勒,乔伊斯展示了对于医学应如何回归本源,以及被压迫民族应如何走向现代这两个问题的思考。

The medical issues in the colonial context are one of the important themes addressed in Ulysses,the epic of the Irish nation.Colonial medicine,based on scientific methods,is also a form of biopolitics that represents British control over the bodies of the Irish people.On the other hand,indigenous medicine embodies the Irish people's preservation of their traditional culture but is also a means for nationalists to resist colonial rule.The conflict between these two medical concepts,which follow exclusive logics,not only harms the health of the Irish people but also highlights the intricate complexities of colonial modernity.However,through the portrayal of the hybridized hygiene beliefs and the imagination of a community of common health of“the nomadic subject”Bloom,Joyce demonstrates his reflections on how medicine should return to its origins and how oppressed nations should move towards modernity.