5TZ-900型振动筛清选脱粒机设计与试验

Design and test of 5TZ-900 vibrating screen cleaning threshing machine

针对甘肃省山区梯田等中小地块联合收获机作业困难,小麦、燕麦等粮食作物主要在农户庭院进行脱粒作业的需求现状,设计集喂入、脱粒、清选和排草等作业功能于一体的5TZ-900型振动筛清选脱粒机。对机具的脱粒装置、清选装置、传动装置等关键部件进行理论分析和结构设计,对满足工作需求的脱粒滚筒规格尺寸、钉齿数量和振动筛结构尺寸等进行计算分析,确定影响振动筛清选脱粒机作业合格率的主要技术参数,并对整机进行作业性能试验。试验结果表明,机具空载运转时的噪声为79.8 dB(A),在试验作物的草谷比为0.9、籽粒含水率在15%~20%和机具滚筒转速为1 040 r/min时,机具作业的破碎率为0.94%,含杂率为1.04%,未脱净率为0.93%,总损失率为1.36%,生产效率为1 120 kg/h,各项指标达到设计要求和相关标准要求。

In view of the difficult operation of combine harvesters in small and medium-sized plots such as terraces in mountainous areas of Gansu Province,and the demand for threshing operations of grain crops such as wheat and oats mainly in the courtyards of farmers,the 5TZ-900 vibrating screen threshing machine was designed,which integrated the functions of feeding,threshing,cleaning and weeding.The basic structure,working principle and main technical parameters of the machine were introduced.The theoretical analysis and structural design of the key components such as threshing device,cleaning device and transmission device were carried out.The size of threshing drum,the number of nail teeth and the structure size of vibrating screen were calculated and analyzed to meet the working requirements.The main technical parameters affecting the operation qualification rate of vibrating screen cleaning threshing machine were determined,and the operation performance test of the whole machine was carried out.The performance test results showed that the noise of the machine was 79.8 dB(A)when the machine was running without load.When the grass-to-grain ratio of the test crop was 0.9,the grain moisture content was between 15%and 20%,and the rotation speed of the machine drum was 1040 r/min,the crushing rate of the machine operation ws 0.94%,the impurity rate was 1.04%,the unremoval rate was 0.93%,the total loss rate was 1.36%,and the production efficiency wais 1120 kg/h.The indicators meet the design requirements and related standards.