中职生歧视知觉与职业价值观:性别的调节作用

Perception of Discrimination and Occupational Values among Vocational School Students:the Moderating Effect of Gender

本研究采用歧视知觉量表和大学生职业价值观量表对佛山、广州、清远市1128名中职学生进行问卷调查,以分析中职生职业价值观的特点,及性别在中职生歧视知觉与职业价值观之间的调节作用。研究结果表明:(1)中职生职业价值观评分从高到低的排序依次为保健因素、发展因素和声望地位,总体上男生比女生更重视声望地位;(2)中职生的歧视知觉与职业声望地位因素显著正相关,歧视知觉与保健因素和自我发展因素显著负相关;(3)性别在歧视知觉对声望地位、保健因素、自我发展因素的影响中具有调节作用。具体表现为中职生的歧视知觉越高越追求声望地位,且歧视知觉对中职女生声望地位因素的影响大于男生;其次中职女生歧视知觉水平越高对保健因素和发展因素的期望越高,而中职男生感知歧视水平越高对保健因素和发展因素的期望越低。总的来看,歧视知觉显著影响中职生的职业价值观;性别调节中职生的歧视知觉和职业价值观之间的关系。

A questionnaire survey is administrated on 1128 secondary vocational students in Foshan,Guangzhou,and Qingyuan cities by using the Perceived Discrimination Scale and the Vocational Values Scale for College Students.The aim is to analyze the characteristics of occupational values and the moderating effect of gender on the relationship between perceived discrimination and occupational values among vocational school students.The results showed that:①The order of importance of vocational school students’work values is health,self-development,and reputation status.Overall,boys place more emphasis on reputation status than girls.②The perception of discrimination of the vocational school students is significantly positively correlated with occupational reputation and status factors,while the perception of discrimination is significantly negatively correlated with health and self-development factors.③Gender has a moderating effect on the relationship among the perception of discrimination and reputation status,health factors,and self-development factors.Specifically,vocational school students with a higher level of the perception of discrimination have higher expectation of reputation and status,and the impact of perception of discrimination on the reputation and status factors of female vocational school students is greater than that of males.Second,female vocational school students with a higher level of perception of discrimination have higher expectation of health and self-development factors,while male vocational school students with a higher level of perception of discrimination have lower expectation of health and self-development factors.In conclusion,perception of discrimination significantly affects the occupational values of vocational school students.Gender has a moderating effect on the relationship between perception of discrimination and occupational values among vocational school students.