全国碳市场扩围下的电解铝行业低碳发展路径研究——以云南省为例

Research on Low Carbon Development Path of Electrolytic Aluminum Industry under the Expansion of National Carbon Market:Taking Yunnan Province as an Example

电解铝作为碳排放的重点行业,其碳达峰和深度降碳任务意义重大。在全国碳市场即将纳入电解铝行业的背景下,基于分析电解铝生产排放特征,梳理国际国内电解铝企业碳排放核算方法和碳配额分配方法,以云南省为例,分析了当下面临的电力碳排放重复计算、绿电优势未体现、电力供给能力不足、产品出口受“碳关税”影响等挑战。未来,尚需从政策制度、市场机制、技术创新等多维度发力,深化电解铝行业绿色低碳发展,锻造新的竞争优势。

As the key industry in CO_(2) emission,electrolytic aluminum is of great significance in its carbon peak and deep carbon reduction tasks.Under the background that the electrolytic aluminum industry will soon be included in China′s national carbon market,based on the analysis of emission characteristics of electrolytic aluminum production,the carbon emission accounting methods and carbon quota allocation methods of domestic and international electrolytic aluminum enterprises were sorted out.Taking Yunnan province as an example,the current challenges such as double-counting of CO_(2) emissions from electricity,failure to reflect the advantages of green power,insufficient power supply capacity,and impact of carbon tariff on product exports were analyzed.In the future,it is still necessary to make efforts from multiple aspects such as policy systems,market mechanisms,and technological innovation to deepen the green and low-carbon development of the electrolytic aluminum industry and forge new competitive advantages.