液态金属在二氧化碳电还原中的应用研究进展

Research Progress on the Application of Liquid Metals in Carbon Dioxide Electrocatalytic Reduction

自工业革命以来,人类对化石燃料的重度依赖导致全球大气中的CO_(2)浓度逐年上涨,已经引起了温室效应加剧、导致全球气温上升和海水酸化等问题。为了解决这一难题,降低二氧化碳排放已经成为当前科研领域的热点之一。现阶段,针对CO_(2)的减排问题有捕获封存和资源化利用两个方向,而其中CO_(2)的资源化化学利用备受关注,科研工作者开发了各种还原催化剂,其中液态合金是近几年来广泛应用于二氧化碳还原领域的新兴材料,它避免了传统固态催化剂容易产生催化点位结焦而导致失活的问题。综述了近年液态金属在二氧化碳电还原中的应用和作用机理,最后对未来发展方向进行了展望。

Since the industrial revolution,mankind′s heavy reliance on fossil fuels has led to the raise of global atmospheric CO_(2) concentration year by year,which has caused the intensification of the greenhouse effect,resulting in global temperature rise and ocean acidification and other problems.In order to solve this problem,reducing CO_(2) emissions has become one of the current hotspots in scientific research.At present,there are two directions for CO_(2) emission reduction:capture and storage and resource utilization,among which the resource chemical utilization of CO_(2) has attracted much attention.Researchers have developed various reduction catalysts,among which liquid alloys are new materials widely used in the field of CO_(2) reduction in recent years,which avoids the problem that traditional solid catalysts are easy to coking in catalytic point and lead to inactivation.The application and mechanism of action of liquid metal in carbon dioxide electroreduction in recent years were summarized,and finally,the future development directions were prospected.