肩胛盂重建治疗肩关节前脱位的研究进展

Research progress in glenoid reconstruction for anterior shoulder dislocation treatment

肩关节前脱位通常伴有肩胛盂前方的骨缺损。当骨缺损超过一定限度,常规的关节囊盂唇修补术效果明显下降,此时需要肩胛盂重建恢复关节稳定性。目前,肩胛盂重建方式主要包括喙突转移术和游离骨块移植术,二者的手术操作经过一系列改良后均能提高关节稳定性与临床疗效。然而,骨吸收、骨关节炎等术后并发症所造成的不良影响仍不容小觑。本文作者对肩胛盂重建的手术指征与目标、重建方式、固定位置与方式,以及术后并发症等方面的最新研究进展进行综述,希望对肩关节前脱位治疗研究提供科学的理论指导。

Anterior shoulder dislocation is often accompanied by bone defects in the anterior aspect of the glenoid.When the bone defect exceeds a certain limit,the efficacy of conventional capsulolabral repair decreases significantly,necessitating glenoid reconstruction to restore the joint stability.Currently,glenoid reconstruction methods mainly include coracoid transfer procedures and free bone block grafting procedures,both of which,after a series of improvements in surgical techniques,can enhance joint stability and clinical outcomes.However,the adverse effects of postoperative complications such as bone resorption and osteoarthritis cannot be ignored.In this review,the authors summarize the latest research progress on the surgical indications and objectives,reconstruction methods,fixation positions and techniques,as well as postoperative complications of glenoid reconstruction,aiming to provide scientific theoretical guidance for the treatment of anterior shoulder dislocation.