环境智能控制参数采光系数的建筑模型实验研究

Research on model building experiment of the daylight factor as an environmental parameter for intelligent control

为了丰富室内光环境智能控制参数采光系数的教研平台内容,使用建筑模型探讨模拟实验方法。仿造适用于人工天穹设备使用的多变量采光口结构的建筑模型,从中探究测量人工天穹亮度和建筑模型内照度的实验方法和原理。在建筑模型采光口上沿高度不变的情况下,测得不同窗台高与不同进深位置的采光系数。在该建筑模型及实验方法范围内,获得了一种多模态的可重复性实验的建筑模型,为室内光环境采光系数的模拟测算,以及探究光环境智能控制需求奠定了基础。

[Objective]The demand for intelligent control in indoor daylighting environments is growing steadily.A platform for teaching and research dedicated to this subject has become increasingly important.It is essential to address external climatic factors that affect the measurement of indoor daylight parameters.Additionally,simulating indoor daylighting environments requires different interior designs.Therefore,developing a model to investigate the characteristics of indoor daylighting environments is crucial.This model is instrumental for exploring simulations,calculations,and experimental methods under artificial daylight conditions.[Methods]The study of measurement technology for indoor daylighting environments relies on all types of standards and national norms.To simulate the variability in window structures,a model building was created for using an artificial sky hemisphere equipment.The side window structure of the model is designed to replicate actual building windows,allowing for the assembly and disassembly of model windows to accommodate multiple configurations.The experimental methodology and theoretical framework were developed by measuring brightness from the artificial sky hemisphere and the indoor illuminance of the model building.Initially,a regression equation was derived by measuring the dome brightness of the artificial sky hemisphere and the horizontal illuminance at a specified point outside the building before conducting the experiments.The outdoor illuminance during the experimental period was then calculated using the regression equation based on the measured dome brightness. Finally, the indoor daylight factor of the model building was determined. Measurements of the daylight factor were taken considering variations in the window sill height (ranging from 0.920 m to 2.000 m) and the distance from the interior wall (ranging from 0.57 m to 6.87 m) while keeping the upper edge height of the windows constant. [Results] Within the framework of the model building and experimental methods, significant findings were observed. Specifically, the daylight factor at the center of the side window was approximately 2.2%-7.9% when the distance from the interior wall was 0.57 m, with window sill heights ranging from 2.000 m to 0.920 m. Additionally, the daylight factor was approximately 1.5%-2.6%, was noted when the distance from the interior wall was extended to 6.87 m. The distribution trajectory of the daylight factor at the window wall center exhibited an inflection point at different sill heights, indicating the daylight factor was about 1.6%-3.9% at a distance of 0.57 m from the interior wall across the same range of window sill heights. A similar the daylight factor of 1.5%-2.7% was observed at a distance of 6.87 m. [Conclusions] This study successfully developed a multimodal model building that allows for more repeatable experiments, closely mimicking the structure of actual building windows. The results demonstrate the high reliability of the experimental method employed. Moreover, this study marks a significant advancement in the analytical level of indoor effects, transitioning from qualitative assessments to quantification. It also addresses the challenges associated with the repeatability of measurements, external climatic conditions, and timing factors. Therefore, this study lays a solid foundation for further simulation experiments and calculations concerning the daylight factor in indoor environments and for future research into intelligent control of daylighting environments. In essence, these findings represent a critical step forward, underscoring their substantial significance in the field.