返乡创业试点政策对长江经济带农村居民收入的影响

The Impact of the Pilot Policy of Returning Farmers for Entrepreneurship on Farmers’Income in the Yangtze River Economic Belt

返乡创业试点政策的实施促进了外出农民的返乡创业,也为缓解就业压力、提高农民收入提供了重要路径。本文基于长江经济带2010—2021年县域面板数据,利用双重差分法研究了返乡创业试点政策对农村居民收入的影响。研究发现:返乡创业试点政策显著提升了长江经济带农村居民收入;非农就业水平在返乡创业试点政策对农村居民收入的影响中起到了中介作用;返乡创业试点政策的收入提升效应具有区域异质性,长江经济带下游地区政策效应最明显。建议各地区不断加强对返乡农民的创业支持和政策引导,积极推动长江经济带上中下游协调发展,因地制宜提高不同地区的要素吸引力,充分利用返乡创业政策带动农村居民致富并推动城乡均衡发展。

The implementation of the pilot policy of returning farmers for entrepreneurship has promoted the return of migrant farmers to start a business,and also provides an important path for alleviating employment pressure and increasing farmers’income.Based on the county-level panel data of the Yangtze River Economic Belt from 2010 to 2021,this paper studies the impact of the pilot policy of returning farmers for entrepreneurship on the income of rural residents by using the difference-in-differences method.The results show that the pilot policy of returning farmers for entrepreneurship has significantly increased the income of rural residents in the Yangtze River Economic Belt.The level of non-agricultural employment plays a mediating role in the impact of the pilot policy on the income of rural residents.The income promotion effect of the pilot policy of returning farmers for entrepreneurship has regional heterogeneity,and the policy effect in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt is the most obvious.It is suggested that all regions should strengthen the entrepreneurial support and policy guidance for returning farmers,actively promote the coordinated development of the upper,middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River Economic Belt,and improve the factor attraction of different regions according to local conditions to increase the income of rural residents and promote the balanced development of urban and rural areas.