论行政经验

On Administrative Experience

在理性主义者看来,行政经验具有个体性、主观性,因而不为其所重视。从实践来看,行政经验来自管理者的实践活动的积累,同时也来自管理者的主动学习。行政管理者在历史中获得治国理政的经验教训,在同其他群体交流中获得灵感。行政经验的重要功能在于服务于管理者的治理活动。从整个行政管理过程来看,行政管理并不是完全理性的,它离不开行政经验的支持。行政经验在历史积淀中转化为行政习惯和行政传统。然而,行政经验的个体性、主观性和任意性使得它必须与行政理性相融合,转化为经验理性。

In the view of rationalism,administrative experience is individual and subjective,so it is not paid attention to by rationalists.From the perspective of practice,administrative experience comes from the accumulation of practical activities of public managers,and also comes from the active learning of public managers.Administrators gain lessons from history and inspiration from interactions with other groups.The important function of administrative experience is to serve the administrative activities.From the whole process of administrative management,administrative management is not completely rational,it can’t be separated from the support of administrative experience.Administrative experience is transformed into administrative habit and tradition through historical accumulation.However,the individuality,subjectivity and arbitrariness of administrative experience make it necessary to integrate with administrative rationality and transform it into empirical rationality.