尿毒症血液透析患者姑息照顾需求水平及其相关影响因素分析

Level of Palliative Care Needs in Uremic Hemodialysis Patients and Analysis of the Related Influencing Factors

目的:观察尿毒症血液透析患者姑息照顾需求水平,并分析其相关影响因素。方法:选取2020年3月—2022年12月莆田学院附属医院收治的79例尿毒症血液透析患者,利用姑息照护结局量表(POS)对患者姑息照顾需求水平进行评估,研究员自拟一般资料调查表,记录患者相关资料,比较不同资料患者的POS得分情况,经线性回归分析患者姑息照顾需求的相关影响因素。结果:79例尿毒症血液透析患者的平均POS得分为(23.24±3.74)分,处于中等水平。有负性情绪、自我感受负担中重度、家庭功能障碍、合并症种类≥2种患者的POS得分高于无负性情绪、自我感受负担轻度、家庭功能良好、合并症种类<2种的患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化水平患者的POS得分比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。经线性回归分析,有负性情绪、自我感受负担中重度、家庭功能障碍、合并症种类≥2种均为血液透析患者姑息照顾需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。结论:尿毒症血液透析患者姑息照顾需求处于中等水平,可能受负性情绪、自我感受负担、家庭功能、合并症种类等因素影响。临床应重点关注上述因素,并实施相应护理措施,如加强健康宣教、给予心理护理、积极治疗合并症等措施,以满足尿毒症血液透析患者姑息照顾需求水平。

Objective:To observe the level of palliative care needs in uremic hemodialysis patients and analyze the related influencing factors.Method:A total of 79 uremic hemodialysis patients admitted to Putian University Affiliated Hospital from March 2020 to December 2022 were selected.The palliative care outcomes scale(POS)was used to evaluate the level of patient demand for palliative care.The researchers developed a general information questionnaire and recorded relevant patient information.The POS scores of patients with different data were compared,and the relevant influencing factors of patient demand for palliative care needs were analyzed through linear regression.Result:The average POS score of 79 uremic hemodialysis patients was(23.24±3.74)points,which was at a moderate level.The POS scores of patients with negative emotions,moderate to severe self perceived burden,family dysfunction,and≥2 types of comorbidities were higher than those without negative emotions,mild self perceived burden,good family function,and<2 types of comorbidities,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).There were no statistically significant differences in POS scores among patients of different genders,ages,marital status,and educational levels(P>0.05).Through linear regression analysis,negative emotions,moderate to severe self perceived burden,family dysfunction,and≥2 types of comorbidities were all influencing factors for the palliative care needs of hemodialysis patients(P<0.05).Conclusion:The palliative care needs of uremic hemodialysis patients are at a moderate level and may be influenced by factors such as negative emotions,self perceived burden,family function,and types of comorbidities.Clinical attention should be focused on the above factors and corresponding nursing measures should be implemented,such as strengthening health education,providing psychological care,actively treating comorbidities,etc.,to meet the level of palliative care needs of uremic hemodialysis patients.