基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型的功能锻炼健康教育在老年全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果

Application Effect of Functional Exercise Health Education Based on Information-motivation-behavioral Skill Model in Elderly Patients with Total Hip Replacement Surgery

目的:探讨基于信息-动机-行为技巧模型(information-motivation-behavioral skills model,IMB)的功能锻炼健康教育在老年全髋关节置换术患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2022年1月合肥市第一人民医院收治的120例老年全髋关节置换术患者。随机将其分为观察组(n=60)和对照组(n=60)。对照组给予常规护理,观察组在对照组基础上给予基于IMB的功能锻炼健康教育。比较两组护理前后自我效能感、生活质量、髋关节功能、下肢静脉血栓发生时间及发生率。结果:护理后,两组自我效能感评分均高于护理前,观察组自我效能感评分高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组疼痛、关节畸形、关节活动、日常活动评分及总分均高于护理前,观察组疼痛、关节畸形、关节活动、日常活动评分及总分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组下肢深静脉血栓发生时间长于对照组,下肢深静脉血栓发生率低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组一般健康状况、生活能力、生理职能、情感职能、躯体疼痛、生理机能、精神健康、社会功能评分均高于护理前,观察组一般健康状况、生活能力、生理职能、情感职能、躯体疼痛、生理机能、精神健康、社会功能评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于IMB的功能锻炼健康教育能有效改善老年全髋关节置换术患者的髋关节功能,降低下肢静脉血栓发生率,提高自我效能感及生活质量。

Objective:To explore the application effect of functional exercise health education based on information-motivation-behavioral skill model(IMB)in elderly patients with total hip replacement surgery.Method:A total of 120 elderly patients with total hip replacement surgery admitted to the First People's Hospital of Hefei from January 2019 to January 2022 were selected.They were randomly divided into observation group(n=60)and control group(n=60).The control group was given routine nursing,and the observation group was given functional exercise health education based on IMB on the basis of control group.Self-efficacy,quality of life,hip joint function before and after nursing,time and incidence of venous thrombosis in lower limbs were compared between the two groups.Result:After nursing,the self-efficacy scores of both groups were higher than those before nursing,and the self-efficacy scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of pain,joint deformity,joint activity,daily activity and total scores of both groups were higher than those before nursing,and the scores of pain,joint deformity,joint activity,daily activity and total scores of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).The occurrence time of deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was longer than that in the control group,and the incidence of deep vein thrombosis in the observation group was lower than that in the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After nursing,the scores of general health status,living ability,role physical,emotional function,physical pain,physiological function,mental health and social function of the two groups were higher than before nursing,and the scores of general health status,living ability,role physical,emotional function,physical pain,physiological function,mental health and social function of the observation group were higher than those of the control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Functional exercise health education based on IMB can effectively improve hip joint function in elderly patients with total hip arthroplasty,reduce the incidence of lower limb venous thrombosis,and improve self-efficacy and quality of life.