家、空间与女性身份认同辨析——对法兰克福厨房的设计人类学考察

Home,Space and the Discernment of Female Identity:A Design Anthropology Study of the Frankfurt Kitchen

家庭空间是性别身份建构与认同的重要语境,设计则充当了建构的媒介。以法兰克福厨房为起点的现代厨房一方面成就了科学高效的家务劳动,另一方面并未真正减轻女性的劳动负担,使她们陷入更加固化的身份困境。本文在设计人类学视角下,针对玛格丽特·舒特-里奥茨基设计的法兰克福厨房进行批判性考察,通过分析背景、空间安排、物品布置、风格等要素,探讨空间设计及“家”概念的表达对女性主体性身份建构所具有的双面性。

Family space is an important context for gender identity construction and identification,and design serves as a medium for construction.The modern kitchen,starting from the Frankfurt kitchen,has achieved scientific and efficient household chores on one hand,but on the other hand,it has not truly reduced the labor burden on women,causing them to fall into a more rigid identity dilemma.This article critically examines the Frankfurt kitchen designed by Margaret Schuter Riotsky from the perspective of design anthropology.By analyzing elements such as background,spatial arrangement,item arrangement,and style,it explores the dual nature of spatial design and the expression of the concept of“home”in constructing female subjectivity identity.