药食同源类方药防治酒精性脂肪肝的用药规律分析

The analysis of medication patterns in the prevention and treatment of alcoholic liver disease using food-medicine homologous prescriptions

目的探讨药食同源类方药防治酒精性脂肪肝的组方用药规律。方法通过中国知网(CNKI)、万方数据知识服务平台(WANFANG DATA)、维普中文期刊(VIP)数据库检索中医药治疗酒精性脂肪肝的临床研究,借助中医传承辅助系统V3.0筛选有效处方中药食同源类中药的频次、剂量、性味、归经和关联规则,通过中外文献检索药食同源类中药现代药理研究,分析药物有效成分、作用机制及靶点。结果根据筛选标准发现涉及42首方剂,涉及药食同源类中药24味,使用频次≥5次的高频药物包括茯苓、山楂、葛根、枳椇子、黄芪等10味,高频药物的常用剂量符合2015年版《中国药典》的规定。对24种药食同源类中药进行性味归经统计,性味多见温性和甘味,药物归经出现频次最高的为脾经、胃经和肺经,药物功效分类最常见的是补益药,其次是利水渗湿药和清热药,高频药物关联规则中以葛根和茯苓关联频率最高。通过中外文献检索24味药食同源类中药防治酒精性脂肪肝的药理研究,发现多种有效成分。大多数药物富含黄酮类、生物碱、萜类、有机酸和其他类化合物并通过抗氧化、抗炎症、促凋亡、促进自噬、调节肠道菌群和改善脂质代谢等功效防治酒精性脂肪肝。结论临床治疗酒精性脂肪肝的处方中所涉及的药食同源类中药以温性、甘味为主,多归脾、胃、肺经,发挥健脾利湿的功效。药食同源类中药存在多种化合物在酒精性脂肪肝中发挥保护作用,对开发有效的中药制剂和保健品提供新的方向。

Objective To investigate the medication rules of herbal formulae derived from food-medicine homology in preventing and treating alcoholic fatty liver disease.Methods Clinical studies on traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)treatment of alcoholic fatty liver disease were retrieved from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI),Wanfang Data Knowledge Service Platform,and VIP Chinese Journal Database.Effective prescriptions of food-medicine homology herbs were selected using the TCM Heritage Assistant System V3.0,and their frequency,dosage,properties,tastes,meridians,and association rules were analyzed.Modern pharmacological research on food-medicine homology herbs was conducted through literature review to analyze the effective ingredients,mechanisms of action,and targets.Results Forty-two herbal formulae involving 24 food-medicine homology herbs were identified,with high-frequency herbs including Poria cocos,Hawthorn,Pueraria root,Aurantii Fructus Immaturus,and Astragalus,among others.The commonly used dosages of high-frequency herbs were in accordance with the 2015 edition of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China.Statistical analysis of the properties,tastes,and meridians of the 24 herbs revealed a predominance of warm and sweet properties,mainly targeting the Spleen,Stomach,and Lung meridians,with tonifying the Spleen and promoting dampness dispersion being the most common therapeutic effects.Association rules analysis showed the highest association frequency between Pueraria root and Poria cocos.Pharmacological studies on the 24 food-medicine homology herbs revealed multiple effective ingredients,mainly flavonoids,alkaloids,terpenoids,organic acids,and other compounds,exerting protective effects against alcoholic fatty liver disease through antioxidation,anti-inflammation,apoptosis promotion,autophagy induction,gut microbiota modulation,and improvement of lipid metabolism.Conclusion Herbal formulae derived from food-medicine homology herbs commonly used in clinical practice for the treatment of alcoholic fatty liver disease are predominantly warm and sweet in nature,primarily targeting the Spleen,Stomach,and Lung meridians,exerting the effects of invigorating the Spleen and promoting dampness dispersion.Food-medicine homology herbs contain various compounds that exert protective effects against alcoholic fatty liver disease,providing new directions for the development of effective TCM formulations and health products.