基于OCTA白内障术后黄斑血管密度变化的环形分区分析

目的分析白内障术前与术后视网膜黄斑中心凹的厚度、不同层次的血管密度(VD)和中央凹无血管区(FAZ)的变化。方法回顾性分析14例(16眼)接受白内障手术患者的临床资料。分别对黄斑中心4.5 mm×4.5 mm区域行光学相干断层血管造影检查,计算术前、术后1周、1个月、3个月的视网膜厚度、浅层毛细血管复合体及深层毛细血管复合体VD、FAZ面积等参数。采用自定义的环形分区分别计算并对比VD的变化。结果14例(16只眼)患者,术前术后视网膜厚度及FAZ无明显差异。浅层毛细血管复合体(SVC)的术后1周、1个月和3个月2 mm范围外的VD均值高于术前(P<0.05)。深层毛细血管复合体(DVC)术后3个月2 mm范围外VD均值高于术前(P<0.05)。结果视网膜内层VD的变化比外层VD的变化更明显。VD在外侧区域的变化比内侧区域更为明显。术后1周视网膜各层VD升高,术后1个月略有下降,3个月时仍超过基线水平。

Objective To quantify thickness,vessel density(VD)and foveal avascular zone(FAZ)changes after phacoemulsification without complications by optical coherence tomography angiography.Methods This retrospective study included 16 eyes of 14 patients undergoing cataract surgery.Besides,optical coherence tomography angiography,retinal thickness,and FAZ were performed on a 4.5 mm×4.5 mm region centered on the macular before surgery,1 week,1 month and 3 months after surgery.Thickness and FAZ were calculated.The regional analysis was used to calculate the VDs changes.Results 16 eyes of 14 patients scheduled for cataract surgery and fulfilled all inclusion and exclusion criteria were consecutively enrolled.There were no significant differences in retinal thickness and FAZ in preoperative and postoperative.At the superficial vascular complex(SVC),the mean VDs outside the 2 mm range at 1 week,1 month,and 3 months after surgery were higher than that before the surgery.At deep vascular complex(DVC),the mean VD outside the 2 mm range at 3 months after the surgery was higher than that before the surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion The change of VD in the inner layer of the retina was more significant than that in the outer layer.According to the results of zonal analysis,the VD's changes in the outer regions were more pronounced than those in the areas closer to the fovea.The VD at all layers of the retina increased one week postoperatively and presented a slight decrease one month after the operation,exceeding the baseline level by 3 months.