头皮银屑病患者身体意象现状及影响因素分析

The status quo of body image in patients with scalp psoriasis and influencing factors

目的 分析头皮银屑病患者身体意象现状及影响因素,为临床干预策略提供借鉴。方法采用便利抽样法选取113例头皮银屑病患者为研究对象,收集患者一般资料,借助身体意象状态量表(BISS)、简易应对方式问卷(SCSQ)、状态-特质焦虑问卷(STAI)、一般自我效能感量表(GSES)、领悟社会支持量表(PSSS)对患者身体意象现状、应对方式、心理状态、自我效能和领悟社会支持水平进行评价,并分析患者身体意象影响因素。结果 113例头皮银屑病患者平均BISS评分为(23.63±5.19)分。女性、有固定工作、消极应对方式、焦虑状态、低自我效能水平、低领悟社会支持水平的患者BISS评分低于男性、无固定工作、积极应对方式、无焦虑状态、高自我效能水平、中高领悟社会支持水平患者(P<0.05或0.01)。多因素回归分析结果显示,性别、工作情况、应对方式、焦虑状态、自我效能水平、领悟社会支持水平均是头皮银屑病患者身体意象的影响因素(P<0.01)。结论 头皮银屑病患者身体意象处于消极状态,临床应引起重视,尤其需重点关注女性、有固定工作、消极应对方式、焦虑状态、低自我效能、低领悟社会支持的头皮银屑病患者。

Objective To analyze the status quo of body image in patients with scalp psoriasis and influencing factors to provide reference for clinical intervention strategy.Methods A total of 113 scalp psoriasis patients were selected as research objects using convenience sampling method,general data collected,such scales were used to evaluate patients'body image,coping style,psychological state,self-efficacy and perceived social support(PSS)as the Body Image States Scale(BISS),Simplified Coping Style Questionnaire(SCSQ),State-trait Anxiety Inventory(STAI),General Self-efficacy Scale(GSES),Perceived Social Support Scale(PSSS),and influencing factors of body image analyzed.Results The average BISS score of 113 scalp psoriasis patients was(23.63±5.19).The BISS scores were lower in patients who were female and had permanent job,negative coping style,anxiety state,low self-efficacy,and low PSS than ones who were male and had casual job,positive coping style,non-anxiety,high self-efficacy,and moderate-high PSS(P<0.05 or 0.01).Multivariate regression analysis showed that gender,working condition,SCS,anxiety state,self-efficacy level,and PSS level were the influencing factors of body image of scalp psoriasis patients(P<0.01).Conclusion The body image of scalp psoriasis patients is in a negative state,to which attention should be paid clinically,especially,patients are female and have fixed jobs,negative coping styles,anxiety state,low self-efficacy and low PSS.