基于数据挖掘探讨中医古籍中乏力的用药规律

Medication Rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine Ancient Books in Treating Fatigue Based on Data Mining

目的挖掘古代中医治疗乏力的用药规律,为临床治疗与科研提供参考。方法对《中华医典》中符合纳入标准的方药进行统计,运用Excel 2021、SPSS Statistics 27.0和SPSS Modeler 18.0等软件对处方的成方年代及中药的性味、归经、高频药物和关联规则等进行分析。结果最终共纳入方剂155首,包含药物258味,方剂主要出自宋代与明代;药性以温者最为多见,寒、平者次之;药味以辛、甘、苦为主;归经以肝、脾经最为常见,肾、胃、肺、心经次之。用药频次≥20次的中药有22味,频次最高的为人参。关联分析显示置信度最高的组合为生姜-大枣-茯苓,支持度最高的组合为生姜-大枣。通过聚类分析得到3个聚类结果。结论古代医家治疗乏力多寓攻于补,主要用健脾益气、淡渗祛湿、温补脾肾、滋阴补血、理气活血等法,虽五脏均有涉及,但尤为重视调理脾胃。

Objective To explore the medication rules of traditional Chinese medicine ancient books in treating fatigue based on data mining,and to provide ideas and references for clinical treatment and scientific research.Methods The prescription that met the inclusion criteria in the Chinese Medical Code were statistically analyzed.The composition year of the prescription,four qi and five flavors,channel tropism,high-frequency drugs,and association rules of Chinese herbal medicines were analyzed using software such as Excel 2021,SPSS Statistics 27.0,and SPSS Modeler 18.0.Results A total of 155 prescriptions were included,containing 258 herbs,mainly from the Song and Ming Dynasties.The most common drug property was warm,followed by cold and neutral.The main tastes were spicy,sweet and bitter.The most commonly involved meridians were the liver and spleen meridians,followed by the kidney,stomach,lung,and heart meridians.There were 22 traditional Chinese medicine with a frequency of use greater than or equal to 20 times,with ginseng being the most frequently used.The combination with the highest confidence level was ginger-date-poria,and the combination with the highest support degree was ginger-date.Cluster analysis resulted in three clustering results.Conclusion Ancient doctors used the method of reinforcement containing elimination to treat l fatigue,mainly using tonifying the spleen and replenishing qi,draining and disinhibiting with bland medicinal,warming and tonifying the spleen and kidney,enriching yin and replenishing blood,and regulating qi and resolving stasis for treatment.Although all the five-zang organs were involved,special attention was paid to regulating the spleen and stomach.