城市公园绿地空间布局公平性研究

Equity in Spatial Pattern of Urban Park Green Spaces

随着城市发展的高密度化,城市公园绿地配置不公平性日益突出。文章以青岛市北区作为研究区域,划分行政街道作为空间单元,从城市公园绿地供给质量、空间可达性2个维度衡量公园绿地空间布局公平性。结果表明:空间单元内绿地资源以及人口密度的差异导致公园绿地供给质量分布不均,同时交通网络的便捷性也影响可达性;可达性作为影响空间公平性的关键因素,使得公园绿地供给质量较高但处于可达性盲区的区域空间布局公平性降低,从而导致公园绿地空间布局整体呈现“东北高、西南低”的趋势,且协调度相差较大,最高差距为0.78。对此,建议对协调度较差的空间单元内公园绿地进行增建或改建,增强绿地间联系,同时兼顾与人口的空间匹配。

With the high-density development of cities,the inequity in park green space configuration has been increasingly prominent.Taking Shibei District of Qingdao City as the study area,the paper measures the equality of park green spaces from the two dimensions of quality of urban park green space availability and accessibility using administrative streets as the spatial units.The findings demonstrate that the variations in green spaces and population density in spatial units lead to the uneven distribution of the quality of park green space availability,and accessibility is also influenced by the ease of use of the transportation network.Accessibility,a key factor influencing spatial equity,increases the quality of park green space availability but decreases the equality of spacial pattern in accessibility blind areas,thus making the spatial pattern of park urban green spaces tend to be a high concentration in the north-east and a low concentration in the south-west,and causing the significant disparity in coordination,with the greatest value being 0.78.In this sense,it is recommended that additional park green spaces should be built or renovated in the spatial units with poor coordination,in order to enhance the linkage between green spaces and increase the spatial compatibility with the population.