单细胞分离技术在法医学中的应用研究进展

Progress in single cell isolation techniques in forensic science

法医学检材常受微量、混合等因素的困扰,单细胞分离检验可以在一定程度上解决这些法医学问题,对每一个细胞单独进行研究,从而得到全面可靠的信息。目前研究报道可用的单细胞分离技术种类较多,本综述将根据单细胞分离技术研究现状,详细分析当今研究人员最常使用的单细胞分离技术,并对各种技术在法医学领域的应用进行归纳,总结出不同场景下对单细胞分离技术的选择策略,最后探讨单细胞分离技术的法医学应用前景,为今后法医学疑难混合样本分析提供理论依据及技术手段。

Forensic examination materials are often plagued by trace amounts,mixes,and other factors.Singlecell isolation technology can solve these forensic problems to some extent by studying each cell individually to obtain comprehensive and reliable information.There are many single cell isolation techniques available in research reports,such as flow cytometry,laser capture microdissection,etc.This review will summarize the most common single cell isolation techniques used by researchers today,and summarize the application of various techniques in forensic science,summarize the selection strategies for single-cell isolation techniques in different scenarios based on cost,degree of automation,yield,cell damage rate,and the availability of relevant forensic platforms,and finally explore the forensic application prospects of single-cell isolation techniques.In general,single cell isolation can be applied to multiple fields such as mixed stain examination,post-mortem time inference,pre-and post-mortem injury determination,forensic toxicology analysis,forensic microbiology and forensic anthropology.The development of single cell isolation technology is of great value to the application of forensic medicine,and will provide a new way of deciphering difficult examination materials.