“健康福建”视域下青少年脊柱侧弯风险预防

Risk Prevention of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis in the View of"Healthy Fujian"

背景随着《“健康福建2030”行动规划》政策文件的印发,对学校中儿童和青少年脊柱侧弯的关注越来越多,针对脊柱侧弯的治疗方法往往给患者的身心造成影响,因此对于青少年特发性脊柱侧弯(AIS)的预防工作就显得尤为重要。目的本文旨在探究脊柱保健操作为运动干预方法能否降低小学生的脊柱侧弯风险。方法将60名经过筛查被确定为脊柱侧弯高风险的小学生群体(ATR≥4°)随机分配至对照组(仅完成日常课间体育活动),干预组一(室外脊柱健身操+室内脊柱拉伸操),干预组二(室内脊柱拉伸操),干预组三(室外脊柱健身操),共四组,每组15人,进行为期12周的干预训练。采用Adams脊柱前屈试验结合脊柱侧弯测量仪测量脊柱旋转角ATR,用肺活量测量仪测量肺活量,用身高体重值计算BMI。运用ANOVA单因素方差分析进行数据分析。结果1、12周的干预过后,ANOVA方差分析各组间的ATR值存在显著性差异(P<0.001)。2、与对照组相比,室外室内组的ATR值存在显著性差异(P<0.001),室外组的ATR值存在显著性差异(P<0.001),室内组的ATR值差异不显著(P=0.07)。3、ANOVA方差分析各组间的BMI值不存在显著性差异(P=0.68)。4、与对照组相比,三组干预组的肺活量值差异不显著(P=0.084,P=0.149,P=0.693)。结论为期12周的脊柱保健操运动干预有效改善了ATR,其中以室外脊柱健身操的干预效果最佳,脊柱保健操对于AIS的预防有积极作用。

BackgroundWith the publication of the policy document《Healthy Fujian 2030》,more attention has been paid to scoliosis in children and adolescents in schools.The treatment of scoliosis often has physical and mental side-effects on patients,so the prevention of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis(AIS)is particularly important.Objective The aim of this study is to explore whether spinal exercises can reduce the risk of scoliosis in primary school students.Methods 60subjects from primary school with high risk of scoliosis(ATR≥4°)were randomly assigned to 4 groups(N=15):control group(completed daily physical activity only),intervention group 1(outdoor spinal exercise+indoor stretching exercise),intervention group 2(indoor stretching exercise),and intervention group 3(outdoor spinal exercise).The intervention was conducted for 12 weeks.Adams test combined with scoliosis measuring instrument was used to measure angle of trunk rotation(ATR),vital capacity was measured by spirometry,and body mass index(BMI)was calculated from height and weight.One-way analysis of variance was used for data analysis.Results1.After 12-weeks intervention,ANOVA test showed significant differences in ATR values among the groups(P<0.001).2.Compared with the control group,the ATR values of the outdoor plus indoor groups were significantly different(P<0.001),and the outdoor group also had a significant difference in ATR values(P<0.001).However,there was no significant difference in ATR values between the indoor group and control group(P=0.07).3.There was no significant difference in BMI among groups by ANOVA test(P=0.68).4.Compared with the control group,there was no significant difference in vital capacity between each intervention group(P=0.084,P=0.149,P=0.693).Conclusion The 12-week spinal exercise intervention effectively improved ATR,with outdoor spinal exercise being the most effective.