民用飞机非对称着陆起落架载荷研究

Research on load of asymmetric landing gear for civil aircraft

研究了多体动力学计算原理并给出运动学方程,建立了基于ADAMS(虚拟样机仿真分析软件,automatic dynamic analysis of mechanical systems)的起落架与柔性机体一体化的多柔体全机模型,对民用飞机非对称着陆起落架载荷进行了研究,通过和传统着陆动力学方法计算的着陆起落架载荷进行对比,验证一体化多柔体全机模型的适用性。基于仿真结果,分析了飞机非对称着陆对起落架载荷的影响,提出降低飞机着陆起落架载荷的策略。结果表明:非对称着陆缓冲器最大压缩量大于对称着陆;非对称着陆缓冲器最大载荷大于对称着陆;非对称着陆情况下先着陆一侧起落架最大载荷显著大于后着陆一侧起落架。非对称着陆不利于起落架和机体的结构安全性,因此民用飞机运营中需要尽量规避飞机非对称着陆情况。

This paper studied the principles of multi body dynamics calculation and provided kinematic equations,established a multi flexible body full aircraft model based on ADAMS for the integration of landing gear and flexible body,studied the asymmetric landing gear load of civil aircraft,and verified the applicability of the integrated multi flexible body full aircraft model by comparing it with the landing gear load calculated by traditional landing dynamics methods.Based on simulation results,the impact of asymmetric landing on landing gear load was analyzed,and strategies to reduce landing gear load were proposed.The results show that the maximum compression of asymmetric landing buffer is greater than that of symmetric landing,the maximum load of asymmetric landing buffer is greater than that of symmetric landing,and under asymmetric landing conditions,the maximum load on the landing gear on the first landing side is significantly greater than that on the landing gear on the second landing side.Asymmetric landing is not conducive to the structural safety of the landing gear and the aircraft body,so it is necessary to avoid asymmetric landing situations as much as possible in the operation of civil aircraft.