无创呼吸支持:首选经鼻高流量氧疗或无创通气

Non-invasive respiratory support:high-flow nasal cannula oxygen therapy or non-invasive ventilation

目前无创呼吸支持(NIRS)在儿童呼吸支持领域有了较快的发展,在治疗急性呼吸衰竭和辅助拔管撤机后的序贯治疗中越来越受欢迎。它减少了对有创机械通气的依赖及其相关并发症的发生,提高了患儿的依从性和舒适度。NIRS主要包括经鼻高流量氧疗和无创通气,两种方式的选择比较已成为近年来国内外研究的热点。本文主要对NIRS的这两种方式在不同临床情况下作为初始呼吸支持治疗选择的优缺点进行介绍。

Non-invasive respiratory support(NIRS)has developed rapidly in the field of pediatric respiratory support.It is increasingly popular in sequential treatment after acute respiratory failure and adjuvant extubation withdrawal.It reduces the need for invasive mechanical ventilation and the occurrence of related complications,which improves the compliance and comfort of the children.NIRS contains high flow nasal catheter oxygen inhalation(HFNC)and non-invasive ventilation(NIV).The selection and comparison between these two methods has become a hot research topic in recent years.We introduced the advantages and disadvantages of HFNC and NIV as initial respiratory support treatment options in different clinical situations.