黑龙江省赤芍药效成分与土壤养分因子相关性分析

Correlation Analysis of Pharmacodynamic Components of Paeoniae Radix Rubra and Soil Nutrient Factors in Heilongjiang Province

目的对黑龙江省栽培和野生赤芍药效成分含量进行了分析,旨在揭示土壤养分因子对赤芍药效成分形成与积累的影响。方法采用栽培与野生赤芍对照评价的试验方式,通过高效液相色谱测定数据,运用SPSS20.0进行数据统计,基于因子分析和典型相关分析(CA)方法对黑龙江省栽培和野生赤芍土壤养分含量及植株药效成分含量关系进行分析。结果①栽培赤芍土壤中有机碳、全氮和碱解氮及速效钾含量显著低于野生赤芍土壤,而速效磷显著高于野生赤芍土壤。②栽培赤芍的芍药总苷含量显著低于野生赤芍。在黑龙江省北纬43°~52°范围内,栽培和野生赤芍的芍药苷含量随区域纬度增高而呈增加趋势,氧化芍药苷、芍药内酯苷和苯甲酰芍药苷含量无规律性变化。③因子分析表明,从栽培和野生赤芍生长土壤养分指标均提取出2个主因子,其累计贡献率栽培赤芍(52.72%)小于野生赤芍(65.33%)。④典型相关分析表明,栽培赤芍中氧化芍药苷、儿茶素和苯甲酰芍药苷和芍药苷含量随土壤速效磷和总有机碳含量的增加而增加,随着土壤pH的升高而下降,其中土壤速效磷的影响载荷值(0.649)高于土壤总有机碳(0.491);野生赤芍中氧化芍药苷和芍药苷含量随土壤总有机碳和全氮含量的增加而增加,其中土壤总有机碳的影响载荷值(0.868)高于土壤全氮(0.746)。结论黑龙江省赤芍药效成分含量因土壤养分环境不同而有所差异,栽培赤芍中氧化芍药苷、儿茶素、苯甲酰芍药苷及芍药苷含量与土壤速效磷和总有机碳含量呈正相关,野生赤芍中氧化芍药苷、芍药苷含量与土壤总有机碳和全氮含量呈正相关。栽培过程中,适宜的磷肥和有机肥施用有利于赤芍药效成分的积累。

Objective The contents of pharmacodynamic components of cultivated and wild Paeoniae Radix Rubra(PRR)in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed to reveal the influence of soil nutrient factors on the formation and accumulation of pharmacodynamic components of PRR.Methods A comparative evaluation test method for cultivated and wild PRR was used,high-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the data,and the SPSS20.0 was used for data statistics.Based on the factor analysis and canonical correlation analysis(CA)methods,the relationships between soil nutrient contents and pharmacodynamic components contents of cultivated and wild PRR in Heilongjiang Province were analyzed.Results①The soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),available nitrogen and available potassium contents of cultivated PRR were significantly lower than those of wild PRR,while the soil available phosphorus was significantly higher than that of wild PRR.②The total glucoside content of cultivated PRR was significantly lower than that of wild PRR.Within the range of 43°-52°north latitude in Heilongjiang Province,the paeoniflorin contents of cultivated and wild PRR showed an increasing trend with increasing regional latitude,while the contents of oxidized paeoniflorin,paeoniflorin glycosides,and benzoylpaeoniflorin changed irregularly.③Factor analysis showed that the proportion of two principal factors that could be extracted from soil nutrient variables of cultivated PRR(cumulative contribution rate is 52.72%)was less than that from wild PRR(cumulative contribution rate is 65.33%).④Canonical correlation analysis showed that the contents of oxypaeoniflorin,catechin,benzoyl Paeoniflorin,and Paeoniflorin increased with the increase of soil available phosphorus and SOC,but decreased with the increase of soil pH.The influence load value of soil available phosphorus(0.649)was higher than that of SOC(0.491).The contents of paeoniflorin and Paeoniflorin in wild PRR increased with the increase of SOC and TN contents,and the influence load value of SOC(0.868)was higher than that of TN(0.746).Conclusion The content of pharmacodynamic components of PRR in Heilongjiang Province varies due to different soil nutrient environments.The contents of oxidized paeoniflorin,catechin,benzoylpaeoniflorin and paeoniflorin in cultivated PRR are positively related to soil available phosphorus and SOC.The contents of oxidized paeoniflorin and paeoniflorin in wild PRR are positively correlated with the contents of SOC and TN.During the cultivation process,the application of appropriate phosphorus fertilizer and organic fertilizer is beneficial to the accumulation of medicinal ingredients in PRR.