祁连山国家公园生态系统服务供需匹配

Matching supply and demand of ecosystem services in Qilian Mountain National Park

生态系统服务的供需分析是生态系统综合管理和实现区域可持续发展的重要内容。本文以祁连山国家公园为例,运用InVEST模型测算食物供给、水源涵养、土壤保持、固碳、气候调节、生境质量和休闲游憩7项生态系统服务的供需量,结合供需比和局部莫兰指数分析其供需特征和空间匹配状况。结果表明:祁连山国家公园综合供需比为0.0608,除固碳和休闲游憩服务外,食物供给、水源涵养、土壤保持、气候调节和生境质量生态系统服务供给均大于需求,但不同区域和生态系统服务间存在差异;祁连山国家公园生态系统服务供需空间匹配类型有高高空间匹配、低低空间匹配、低高空间错位和高低空间错位4种,天祝县和肃南县为低供给-高需求区域,山丹县、民乐县和凉州区为高供给-低需求区域。建议祁连山国家公园高低空间错位区域以保护为主,提高管理水平;低高空间错位区域以综合改良为主,提高土地效益。

Analyzing the supply and demand of ecosystem services is crucial for integrated ecosystem management and achieving regional sustainable development.Using the InVEST model,we quantified the supply and demand of seven ecosystem services of Qilian Mountain National Park,including food provision,water conservation,soil conservation,carbon sequestration,climate regulation,habitat quality,and recreation and leisure.We further analyzed the supply and demand characteristics and spatial matching patterns by combining with the supply-demand ratio and the local Moran’s index.The results showed that the overall supply-demand ratio for Qilian Mountain National Park was 0.0608.Except for carbon sequestration and recreation and leisure services,the supply of the other five services exceeds demand.However,there were significant spatial variations across regions and services.The spatial matching between supply and demand could be categorized into four types,including high-high match,low-low match,low-high mismatch,and high-low mismatch.Tianzhu County and Sunan County were classified into the low supply-high demand category,while Shandan County,Minle County,and Liangzhou District were classified as high supply-low demand areas.High-low spatial mismatch areas within the Qilian Mountain National Park should be protected and the management level should be improved,while the low-high spatial mismatch areas should be comprehensively improved to enhance land-use efficiency.