两种香菇对小麦秸秆营养特性及瘤胃降解特性的影响

Effects of two Lentinus edodes on nutritional characteristics and rumen degradation characteristics of wheat straw

试验旨在探究两种香菇对小麦秸秆营养特性及瘤胃降解特性的影响。选取两种香菇(X3和243)分别固态发酵小麦秸秆,对照组不接种香菇,于23℃下避光培养48 d,采用尼龙袋法评价发酵底物的常规养分、纤维组分和瘤胃降解特性。结果显示:两种香菇能不同程度地提高小麦秸秆大部分时间段干物质(DM)、有机物(OM)和粗蛋白(CP)的瘤胃降解率。香菇X3可使小麦秸秆大部分时间段的中性洗涤纤维(NDF)和酸性洗涤纤维(ADF)的瘤胃降解率显著降低(P<0.05);相反,香菇243可显著提高小麦秸秆大部分时间段的NDF和ADF的瘤胃降解率(P<0.05)。两种香菇均可显著提高小麦秸秆OM和CP的有效降解率(P<0.05)。香菇X3能够显著提高小麦秸秆DM、OM、CP的快速降解部分(P<0.05)。香菇243能够显著提高小麦秸秆DM、NDF的有效降解率(P<0.05)。研究表明,使用香菇固态发酵小麦秸秆能够有效降解其纤维组分,提高其营养价值和瘤胃降解率。综合比较,香菇243对小麦秸秆的固态发酵效果更好,具有改善小麦秸秆饲用价值的潜力。

The experiment aimed to explore the effects of two types of Lentinus edodes on the nutritional characteristics and ruminal degradability of wheat straw.Two strains of Lentinus edodes(X3 and 243)were selected to ferment wheat straw in solid state,with a control group without inoculation of Lentinus edodes.The fermentation was carried out at 23℃in the dark for 48 days.The nylon bag technique was used to evaluate the conventional nutrients,fiber components,and ruminal degradability of the fermented substrate.The results showed that both types of Lentinus edodes could improve the ruminal degradability of dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM),and crude protein(CP)to varying degrees at most time points.Lentinus edodes X3 could significantly reduce the ruminal degradability of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)and acid detergent fiber(ADF)of wheat straw at most time points(P<0.05).In contrast,Lentinus edodes 243 could significantly increase the ruminal degradability of NDF and ADF of wheat straw at most time points(P<0.05).Both types of Lentinus edodes could significantly enhance the effective degradation rate of OM and CP in wheat straw(P<0.05).Lentinus edodes X3 could significantly increase the rapid degradation fraction of DM,OM,and CP in wheat straw(P<0.05).Lentinus edodes 243 could significantly increase the effective degradation rate of DM and NDF in wheat straw(P<0.05).The study indicates that using Lentinus edodes for solid-state fermentation of wheat straw could effectively degrade its fiber components,enhance its nutritional value,and improve its ruminal degradability.Overall,the solid-state fermentation effect of Lentinus edodes 243 is better and has the potential to improve the feed value of wheat straw.