元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药化感作用的研究

Allelopathic effects of aqueous extracts of fallen leaves of Acer truncatum on three medicinal plants

本研究以甘草、黄芩和桔梗为化感受体,探究不同浓度的元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响,以期为北京元宝枫林下中草药的种植提供理论依据。结果表明:元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对甘草和黄芩的种子萌发表现出“低促高抑”效应,而对桔梗表现为抑制作用。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液对3种中草药种子萌发和幼苗生长的化感效应为桔梗>黄芩>甘草。3种中草药幼苗叶片的叶绿素含量在不同浓度处理下均低于对照。元宝枫凋落叶浸提液处理使黄芩幼苗叶片的超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性升高,黄芩、甘草幼苗叶片的过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性随浸提液浓度的升高先升后降,3种中草药幼苗叶片的丙二醛含量随浸提液浓度的升高呈先增加后减少的趋势。综上,元宝枫林下应避免种植桔梗,适宜种植甘草和黄芩。

In this study,we determined the effects of aqueous extracts from fallen leaves of Acer truncatum on three medicinal plants:Glycyrrhiza uralensis,Scutellaria baicalensis,and Platycodon grandiflorus.The overall aim was to provide a theoretical basis for cultivating medicinal herbs in A.truncatum forests in Beijing.The effects of an aqueous extract from fallen leaves of A.truncatum at a range of concentrations on seed germination and seedling growth of the three medicinal plants were determined.The leaf litter extract of A.truncatum showed“low promoting and high inhibition”effect on the seed germination of G.uralensis and S.baicalensis,respectively,and inhibited the seed germination of P.grandiflorus.The leaf litter extract of A.truncatum most strongly inhibited the seed germination and seedling growth of P.grandiflorus,followed by S.baicalensis and then G.uralensis.The chlorophyll content in the leaves of all three medicinal plants was lower in those treated with the leaf litter extract of A.truncatum than in the controls.As the concentration of the A.truncatum leaf litter extract increased,the superoxide dismutase activity increased in leaves of S.baicalensis seedlings,and the catalase activity in leaves of S.baicalensis and G.uralensis seedlings first increased and then decreased.The malondialdehyde content in leaves of the three medicinal plants first increased and then decreased as the concentration of the A.truncatum leaf litter extract increased.Overall,these results show that S.baicalensis and G.uralensis are suitable for cultivation in A.truncatum forests,but P.grandiflorus is not.