肉桂精油对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌抑制作用及机理的初步研究

Inhibitory effect of Cinnamon essential oil on Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea and the preliminary study of its mechanism

为探明肉桂精油对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌的抑制作用并初步探究其对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌的抑制机理,使用菌丝生长速率法和熏蒸法观察不同质量浓度肉桂精油处理下苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌的菌落直径,测定肉桂精油对苹果腐烂病和番茄灰霉病的活体组织抑制效果,探究肉桂精油对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌菌体的形态变化、细胞膜通透性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、丙二醛(MDA)、可溶性蛋白和还原糖含量的变化规律。结果表明:1)菌丝生长速率法测得肉桂精油质量浓度为250 mg/L时,对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌抑菌率分别为98.31%和99.06%;熏蒸法测得肉桂精油质量浓度为8000 mg/L时,对苹果腐烂病菌和番茄灰霉病菌抑菌率分别为50.57%和58.79%。2)当肉桂精油质量浓度为5000 mg/L时,对苹果腐烂病和番茄灰霉病活体抑制效果分别为54.30%和64.10%。3)经肉桂精油处理后的苹果腐烂病菌菌丝和番茄灰霉病菌菌丝干瘪、坍塌,表面有分叉,菌液电导率上升,菌体SOD酶活性下降,MDA含量上升,可溶性蛋白和还原糖含量下降,最终扰乱菌体各项生理生化反应,进而达到抑菌效果。本研究可为开发防治苹果腐烂病和番茄灰霉病的植物源农药提供依据。

In order to investigate the inhibitory effect of Cinnamon essential oil(CEO)on Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea and investigate its inhibitory mechanism,the mycelial growth rate and fumigation methods were adopted to observe the colony diameters of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea in different mass concentrations of CEO and the inhibitory effects of CEO on Valsa mali and Botrytis cinereain vivo were determined.The effects of CEO on the morphology,cell membrane permeability,superoxide dismutase(SOD)enzyme activity,malondialdehyde(MDA)content,soluble protein content and reducing sugar content of the mycelium of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea were investigated.The results showed that:1)When the mass concentration of CEO was 250 mg/L,the inhibition rates of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea measured by mycelial growth rate methodreached 98.31%and 99.06%,respectively;When the mass concentration of CEO was 8000 mg/L,the inhibition rates of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea measured by fumigation method were 50.57%and 58.79%,respectively.2)When the mass concentration of CEO was 5000 mg/L,the in vivo inhibitory effects on Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea was 54.30%and 64.10%,respectively.3)The mycelia of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea treated with CEO were dried out,collapsed with bifurcation on the surface,and the bacterial liquid conductivity increased,the bacterial SOD enzyme activity decreased,MDA content increased,soluble proteins and content of reducing sugar decreased.Ultimately disturbed the physiological and biochemical reactions of the bacterium and achieved the effect of bacterial inhibition.This study provided a scientific basis for the development of plant-derived pesticides for the control of Valsa mali and Botrytis cinerea.