论《共产党宣言》中蕴含的马克思主义文化观

On the Marxist View of Culture Embedded in the Communist Manifesto

《共产党宣言》中蕴含丰富的马克思主义文化观。无产阶级意识的觉醒、马克思主义政党的创立、德国古典哲学的批判吸收以及唯物史观的基本形成,是构建马克思主义文化观的前提性条件。在《共产党宣言》中,马克思和恩格斯虽然没有使用文化概念,但他们并没有忽略文化问题,“意识形态”“两个彻底决裂”“世界历史”等思想中体现了文化的阶级性、发展性以及民族性和世界性相统一的丰富内容。作为马克思主义文化观的“纲领性文件”,《共产党宣言》为理解和把握文化问题确立了基本的理论原则和逻辑框架。建设中国特色社会主义文化强国和建设中华民族现代文明,要领悟马克思主义文化观的核心要义,发挥其提高文化自觉、增强文化自信、抵御文化霸权、增进文化交流的现实指导意义。

The Communist Manifesto is rich in the Marxist concept of culture.The awakening of the consciousness of the proletariat,the founding of the Marxist political party,the theoretical origin of classical German philosophy and the basic formation of the materialist concept of history are the prerequisites for the construction of the Marxist concept of culture.Although Marx and Engels did not explicitly use the term"culture"in the Communist Manifesto,they did address cultural issues through concepts such as"ideology,""two radical breaks,"and"world history."These ideas reflect the class nature and development of culture,as well as the unity between national and universal aspects.As the"programmatic document"of the Marxist concept of culture,the Communist Manifesto establishes fundamental theoretical principles and logical framework for understanding and grasping cultural issues.In order to build a strong socialist cultural power with Chinese characteristics and a modern civilization for the Chinese nation,it is important to understand the core essence of the Marxist concept of culture and to give full play to its practical significance as a guide for raising cultural self-awareness,strengthening cultural self-confidence,fending off cultural hegemony,and enhancing cultural exchanges.