问卷调查法的设计与实施及其在图书馆学领域的规范应用

Design and Implementation of Questionnaire Surveys and Their Normative Application in the Field of Library Science

[目的/意义]问卷调查法作为实证主义研究方法中的一种,是社会科学研究中经常被使用的方法之一。深入了解问卷调查法及其实施流程,厘清图书馆学研究使用问卷调查法的现状与存在的问题,有助于为未来图书馆学研究中问卷调查法的规范化和标准化使用提供指导。[方法/过程]回顾问卷调查法相关文献,掌握问卷调查法的内涵,梳理问卷设计与问卷调查法的规范应用流程。以图书馆学领域的9种核心期刊为调查对象,对其近5年来发表的345篇使用问卷调查法的文章进行逐篇阅读与分析。[结果/结论]问卷调查法在图书馆学领域已经得到了很好的普及。现阶段图书馆学核心期刊发表的问卷调查法文章对于抽样方法的使用较往年有了很大的提升,大样本量的问卷调查逐渐增多,问卷回收率也较高。然而,研究者在实施问卷调查法的过程中仍然存在着诸多问题,包括仍有一部分研究没有进行预测试,也没有报告预测试;且对信效度检验的重视程度也有待提高。

[Purpose/Significance]Questionnaire survey method is frequently used in social science research as one of the positivist research methods.An in-depth understanding of the questionnaire method and its implementation process,as well as an analysis of its the status and existing problems in library science research,will help guide the standardized use of it in future research.[Method/Process]It reviewed the literature related to the questionnaire survey method,grasped its connotation,and sorted out the standardized application process of questionnaire design and questionnaire survey method.It took nine core journals in the field of library science as research objects,and conducted a comprehensive reading and analysis of 345 articles published in these journals in the past five years that utilized questionnaire survey methods.[Result/Conclusion]The questionnaire survey method has been widely popularized in the field of library science.Compared to previous years,articles published in core LIS journals currently demonstrate a significant improvement in the use of sampling methods,with an increasing number of large-sample surveys and high response rates.However,researchers still encounter many issues in the implementation of questionnaire survey methods,including a portion of studies that do not conduct pilot test or report the pilot test result.Moreover,it is necessary to improve the emphasis on validation and reliability testing.