神经科学方法在图书情报领域研究的应用综述

Review on the Application of Neuroscience Methods in Library and Information Science Research

[目的/意义]神经科学方法是国内外图书情报领域的新兴研究方法,旨在深入理解人类在信息活动中的认知和神经机制。梳理相关研究有助于为深化该方法的应用提供参考。[方法/过程]以SSCI和CSSCI所收录的图书情报领域期刊中相关研究文献为研究对象,从文献信息、研究方法和研究主题3个视角分析该方法的应用现状。基于刺激—状态—反应理论(S-O-R)的整体框架,融合信息生态理论、认知—情感—意动理论和Wilson信息行为一般性模型,构建神经科学方法应用于图书情报领域的研究主题框架,并梳理当前的研究成果。[结果/结论]神经科学方法在图书情报领域极具应用前景,其中眼动追踪法应用最广泛,其次是脑电图和功能性磁共振成像,且常与传统社科研究方法相结合。研究主题集中于人机交互和信息行为领域。最后,文章提出未来的研究机会和挑战。

[Purpose/Significance]As a new research method in the field of library and information at home and abroad,neuroscience method is helpful to deeply analyze human’s cognitive and neural mechanism in information activities,and its relevant studies can provide reference for its further application.[Method/Process]Taking the relevant literature included in SSCI and CSSCI as the research object,this paper examined the current application of this method in LIS,focusing on literature information,research methods,and topics.Based on the overall framework of SOR theory,integrating information ecology theory,cognitive-affective-conative theory,and Wilson’s information behavior model,this paper constructed a thematic framework for the neuroscience methods in LIS,and reviewed the current research results.[Result/Conclusion]Neuroscience methods have great prospects in LIS,among which eye tracking is the most widely used,followed by electroencephalography and functional magnetic resonance imaging,and are often combined with traditional social science research methods.Research topics focus on human-computer interaction and information behavior.Finally,the paper presents future research opportunities and challenges.