现代性与地方性:文化视角下民族地区乡村发展——基于Y省K自治州“贫困文化”治理的实地调查

Modernity and Locality:Rural Development in Ethnic Minority Areas from the Perspective of Culture——Based on the Field Investigation of the Governance of"Poverty Culture"in K Autonomous Prefecture of Y Province

针对民族地区的脱贫发展问题,主要有经济与社会结构视角和文化视角两种解释模式。在脱贫与发展实践过程中,民族地区的部分文化因子通常被视为所谓的“贫困文化”,而且往往也成为现代性改造的对象。然而,民族地区及其民众在认同现代性价值的同时,也针对现代性改造所采取的措施作出了相应的回应甚至抵制,从而导致脱贫与发展政策出现落地难题和悬浮困境。从现代性与地方性的双重视角看,现代性与国家权力的内在勾连以及国家权力的整体运行,成为现代性价值与地方性文化之间张力的基本动因。进入乡村全面振兴阶段后,民族地区应保持现代性与地方性的双重自觉,在乡村振兴中重新认识和强化民族文化价值、文化认同,推动民族地区优秀传统文化创造性转化和创新性发展,加速民族地区乡村振兴进程。

Aiming at poverty alleviation and development in ethnic minority areas,there are mainly two interpretation modes:the economic and social structure perspective and the cultural perspective.In the process of poverty alleviation and development,some cultural factors in ethnic areas are often regarded as"poverty culture"and become the object of modernity transformation.However,while the ethnic minority areas and their people recognize the value of modernity,they also respond to or even resist the measures taken for the transformation of modernity,which has caused a dilemma in carrying out poverty alleviation and development policy.From the dual perspectives of modernity and locality,the internal connection between modernity and state power,and the integral operation of state power have become the basic tension between the value of modernity and local culture.Entering the stage of al-round rural revitalization,ethnic minority areas should maintain the dual consciousness of modernity and locality,re-recognize and strengthen national cultural values and cultural identity in rural revitalization,and promote the creative transformation and innovative development of excellent culture,so as to accelerate the rural revitalization in ethnic minority areas.