网络社会支持量表在中老年人中的信效度检验

Reliability and validity of online social support scale in middle-aged and older adults

目的检验网络社会支持量表在中老年人中的信效度和适用性。方法2022年3—5月采用网络社会支持量表、社交媒体使用量表和心理幸福感量表,通过问卷星平台对896位中老年人开展问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果该量表具有良好的区分度;探索性因子分析获得的四因子模型可解释总变异的68.28%,验证性因子分析则显示,修订后量表的四因子模型拟合度良好,卡方/自由度(χ2/df)=2.81,比较拟合指数(comparative fit index,CFI)=0.94,相对拟合指数(Tucker-Lewis index,TLI)=0.93,标准化残差均方根(standardized root mean square residual,SRMR)=0.06,近似误差均方根(root-meansquare error of approximation,RMSEA)=0.06;效标关联效度较好,相关系数r=0.65,P<0.01。修订后量表的Cronbach’sα系数为0.92,对91人间隔两周的重测信度为0.83。该量表具有跨性别及跨年龄的等值性。对修订后量表的应用还显示,中老年人网络社会支持在性别、年龄和健康状况等人口学变量上的差异有统计学意义,且与心理幸福感各指标显著相关。结论网络社会支持量表在中老年群体中具有良好的信效度和较好的适用性。

Objective To test the reliability and validity,applicability of online social support scale in middle-aged and older adults.Methods Totally 896 middle-aged and older adults were tested by online social support scale,social media use scale and 24 items psychological well-being scale through the questionnaire star from March to May 2022,and the data were analyzed.Results The scale was proved to have good discrimination.The four-factor model obtained by exploratory factor analysis could explain 68.28%of the total variation,while the confirmatory factor analysis showed that the four-factor model of the revised scale had a good fit[Chi-square/degrees of freedom(χ^(2)/df)=2.81,comparative fit index(CFI)=0.94,Tucker-Lewis index(TLI)=0.93,standardized root mean square residual(SRMR)=0.06,root-mean-square error of approximation(RMSEA)=0.06].The criterion correlation validity was good,r=0.65,P<0.01.The Cronbach'sαcoefficient of this scale was 0.92,and the retest reliability after two weeks among 91 people was 0.83.The scale was equivalent across gender and age.The application of the revised scale also showed that there were statistically significant differences in online social support among middle-aged and older adults with demographic variables such as gender,age and health status,and it was significantly correlated with the indicators of psychological well-being.Conclusion The online social support scale has good reliability,validity and applicability in middle-aged and older adults.