用好情境判断测验助力深化新时代教师评价改革

Making Good Use of Situational Judgment Test to Deepen the Teacher Evaluation Reform

2020年10月,《深化新时代教育评价改革总体方案》颁布,为我国新时代评价改革提供了基本原则。当前我国教师评价存在着三个主要困境,一是过分强调结果评价;二是评价结果会因评价者的不同而存在差异;三是师德的考核评价方法还是以自评或他评为主,其结果准确性还有待商榷。为了推进教师评价改革,应引入情境判断测验。情境判断测验是一种基于行为样本的情境模拟测评方法。测验题目来自实践工作中的关键事件或典型情境,具有较强的情境性、针对性、客观性、预测性等特征。在教师评价中,情境判断测验可用于测量以往难以通过纸笔测验考察的师德、教师教学能力和教师学科教学知识等内容,且具有良好的测验质量。在教师评价改革中,情境判断测验可以提供良好的测评技术载体,能有效服务于“改进结果评价,强化过程评价,探索增值评价,健全综合评价”的改革目标,但同时也应考虑到情境判断测验的局限性,应多种测评方法互为补充,构建系统的教师评价体系。

In October 2020,the Overall Plan for Deepening the Reform of Education Evaluation in the New Era was promulgated,providing the basic principles for the evaluation reform in the new era in China.There are three main difficulties in teacher evaluation.First,it is overemphasizing the result evaluation.Second,the evalua⁃tion results will be different due to the different evaluators.Third,the evaluation methods of teacher's ethics is mainly self-evaluation or peer evaluation,so the accuracy of the results remains to be debatable.In order to pro⁃mote the reform of teacher evaluation,situational judgment test should be introduced in it.Situational judgment test is a kind of situation simulation evaluation method based on behavioral samples.The test questions come from the key events or typical situations in practice,so they have strong situational,targeted,objective and pre⁃dictive characteristics.In the evaluation of teachers,situational judgment test can be used to evaluate teacher's ethics,teaching ability and pedagogical content knowledge,etc.which are difficult to be objectively investigated in the past.Furthermore,the test results are sound.In the reform of teacher evaluation,situational judgment test can provide a good technical carrier for evaluation,and can effectively serve the reform goals of improving result evaluation,strengthening process evaluation,exploring value-added evaluation and improving comprehensive evaluation.However,the limitations of situational judgment test should be taken into account,and various evalua⁃tion methods should be complementary to each other to build a systematic teacher evaluation system.