基于视觉特性的城市隧道中间段洞顶景观对行车安全的影响分析

Analysis of the Impact of Urban Tunnel Midsection Ceiling Landscapes on Driving Safety Based on Visual Characteristics

为分析城市隧道洞顶景观环境下的行车安全性,以城市隧道中间段洞顶景观为研究对象,利用3DMax软件构建具有不同色彩及背景图案的洞顶景观仿真模型,并通过室内仿真试验采集驾驶人视觉参数数据。基于试验数据,分析驾驶人在通过不同洞顶景观环境下的心理负荷和分心程度。最后利用熵权法根据视觉数值特征对不同洞顶景观方案进行评价。试验结果表明:城市隧道中间段设置洞顶景观能有效降低驾驶人的心理负荷,色彩有图案的设计方案有助于降低驾驶人心理负荷;城市隧道洞顶景观不会引起驾驶人严重分心,其中绿色无图案设计的洞顶景观下驾驶人分心程度最低;色彩无图案设计下的行车安全性整体高于色彩有图案设计以及无色彩无图案设计下的安全性。

To analyze driving safety in the environment of urban tunnel ceiling landscapes,this study focuses on urban tunnel midsection ceiling landscapes.Using 3DMax software,simulation models of tunnel ceiling landscapes with different colors and background patterns are constructed,and visual parameter data of drivers are collected through indoor simulation experiments.Based on the experimental data,the psychological workload and distraction level of drivers passing through different tunnel ceiling landscape environments are analyzed.Finally,the entropy weight method is utilized to evaluate different tunnel ceiling landscape schemes based on visual numerical characteristics.The experimental results indicate that setting up tunnel ceiling landscapes in the middle section of urban tunnels can effectively reduce the psychological workload of drivers.Design schemes with colors and patterns help alleviate the psychological workload of drivers.Urban tunnel ceiling landscapes do not significantly distract drivers,with the lowest distraction level observed under green,patternless designs.Overall,designs with color and patternless schemes exhibit higher driving safety than those with colored patterns and those without color or patterns.