城市建筑高度对热环境的影响——以武汉市武昌区为例

The impacts of building heights in urban area on thermal environment:Taking Wuchang District in Wuhan City as an example

热岛效应是指城市相对于周围地区温度显著升高的一种现象。新一轮国土空间规划对城市热岛效应提出了新的要求,指出城市建筑高度是影响城市温度变化的主要因素之一。本文基于Landsat 8热红外遥感数据,利用单窗算法反演地表温度,利用激光点云数据提取建筑高度成果,按照标准将建筑分为不同的高度段,并将分段后的建筑高度与反演的地表温度相叠加,以分析建筑高度对热岛效应的影响强度。结果表明,武昌区2月份地表温度与建筑高度整体呈正相关关系,9月份地表温度与低层、中层和中高层建筑区间的温度呈上升趋势,高层、超高层建筑区间的温度呈快速下降趋势,说明武昌区冬季时建筑越高,地表温度越高,建筑越保暖;夏季时建筑越高,地表温度越低,高层建筑越散热。

The heat island effect refers to a phenomenon that the temperature of a city is significantly hotter than that of the surrounding area.The new round of land space planning in China puts forward new requirements for the heat island effect,and it points out that the height of city buildings is one of the main factors affecting the change of city temperature.Based on the thermal infrared remote sensing data of Landsat 8,the mono-window algorithm and the laser point cloud data are used in this paper to invert the surface temperature,and to extract the building heights.The building heights are segmented into different sections according to the standard,and the segmented building heights are superimposed with the inverted surface temperature to analyze the impacts of building heights on the heat island effect.The results show that the relationship between surface temperature and building heights in February in Wuchang District is positively correlated,the surface temperature and the temperature of low-rise,middle-rise and middle-high-rise buildings in September in Wuchang District is upwarding,while the temperature of high-rise and super high-rise buildings is rapidly downwarding.It indicates that the higher the building in winter,the higher the surface temperature,the more warm in the building,while in summer,the higher the building,the lower the surface temperature,the higher the heat dissipation of high-rise buildings.