湘南典型烟区土壤有机碳库指数、养分库容对烟叶质量的影响

Effects of Soil Organic Carbon Pool Index and Nutrient Storage Capacity on Tobacco Leaf Quality in Typical Tobacco-growing Area of Southern Hunan Province

于2020─2021年采集了耒阳烟区土壤及烟叶样品,分析了土壤有机碳库指数、养分及其库容对烟叶质量的影响和作用途径。结果表明:土壤有机碳库指数、养分总库容量、有效磷库容量及碱解氮库容量是影响烤后烟叶化学成分、外观质量及感官质量的4个主要指标;土壤有机碳库指数通过影响烟叶总钾、总糖、总植物碱含量间接地影响烤烟的感官质量,还通过影响烟叶总钾、总植物碱、总氮(土壤碱解氮)含量间接地影响烤烟的外观质量;土壤有机碳库指数、烤烟总钾含量、总植物碱含量与烤烟的外观质量、感官质量均呈显著正相关;烤烟的总糖含量与其感官质量呈显著正相关;土壤碱解氮含量与烤烟的外观质量呈显著正相关;烤烟总氮含量与其外观质量呈显著负相关。因此,提高耒阳烟区烤烟质量的重点在于提高土壤有机碳库指数。

This paper collected soil and tobacco samples from Leiyang tobacco-growing area,analyzed the effects of soil organic carbon pool index,nutrients and their storage capacity on tobacco leaf quality and their action ways.The results showed that soil organic carbon pool index,nutrient storage capacity,available phosphorus storage capacity and alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen storage capacity were the main soil physicochemical indexes that affected the appearance quality,chemical composition and sensory quality of tobacco leaves.Soil organic carbon pool index affected the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco indirectly by affecting the contents of total potassium,total sugar and total vegetative alkali in tobacco leaves,and the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco indirectly by affecting the contents of total potassium,total vegetative alkali and total nitrogen(soil alkalihydrolyzed nitrogen)in tobacco leaves.Soil organic carbon pool index,total potassium content and total alkaloid content of fluecured tobacco were positively correlated with appearance quality and sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco.The total sugar content of flue-cured tobacco was positively correlated with the sensory quality of flue-cured tobacco.Soil alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen content was positively correlated with the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco.The total nitrogen content of fluecured tobacco was significantly negatively correlated with the appearance quality of flue-cured tobacco.Therefore,the key point of improving tobacco quality in Leiyang tobacco-growing area is to improve soil organic carbon pool index.