我国深远海养殖高质量发展的运行机制及案例诠释研究

The Research on the Operational Mechanism and Case Interpretation of High-quality Development of Deep-sea Aquaculture in China

深远海养殖高质量发展的长效运行机制是一个不断突破生态环境和自然资源约束、寻求海水养殖业实现可持续发展的过程。以深水网箱、移动式养殖平台、固定式养殖平台三种养殖模式的产业链为纽带,基于养殖运行的基本轨迹将深远海养殖的运行机制划分为启动机制、实施机制、保障机制和风控机制。在投运之前对养殖设施装备检验确权的启动机制、使得深远海养殖产业链内部各环节彼此依存的实施机制、为深远海养殖提供技术和资金支撑的保障机制以及在经营过程中采取规范化的防控措施将养殖风险控制在企业所能承受范围之内的风控机制,对深远海养殖正常运行至关重要。最后,通过对“黄海冷水团深远海绿色养殖项目”的案例研究,验证研究所提出的运行机制,为深远海养殖高质量发展提供更丰富的经验借鉴。

The long-term operational mechanism of high-quality development of deep-sea aquaculture is a process of constantly breaking through the constraints of ecological environment and natural resources and seeking sustainable development of marine aquaculture industry.Based on the basic track of aquaculture operation,this article divides the operational mechanism of deep-sea aquaculture into start-up mechanism,implementation mechanism,guarantee mechanism and risk control mechanism.The start-up mechanism verifies the right of aquaculture facilities and equipment before operation;the implementation mechanism makes the internal links of the deep-sea aquaculture industry chain interdependent;the guarantee mechanism provides technical and financial support for deep-sea aquaculture;and the risk control mechanism adopts standardized prevention and control measures to control aquaculture risks within the scope of what the enterprise can bear.Finally,the case study of the Yellow Sea Cold Water Mission Deep-sea Green Aquaculture Project verifies the operation mechanism proposed in the article and provides richer experience for the high-quality development of deep-sea aquaculture.