医师职业精神内涵的整理归纳与医学生认知现状的调研结果分析

Defining professionalism in medical education and a preliminary study of medical students'perception of professionalism

目的整理归纳适合我国国情的医师职业精神内涵,并调研临床医学专业学生对于医师职业精神的认知情况。方法2022年11月,采用文献研究法整理归纳医师职业精神内涵。2023年3至4月,采用问卷调查法选取山东大学临床医学专业451名学生进行认知现状调研。对数据进行描述性统计分析。结果整理归纳包括3个层面共16个条目的医师职业精神内涵,并据此设计调查问卷。回收有效问卷451份,其中有110名(24.4%)医学生表示了解医师职业精神内涵;医学生对“利他主义”[179名(39.7%)]“及时汇报同行的失职和医疗行为过失”[210名(46.6%)]内涵认可度较低;超过90%的学生认为自己和接触过的医师可以部分或完全做到践行医师职业精神;272名(60.3%)医学生认同学校和医院是医师职业精神教育的主体。结论医学生的医师职业精神内涵认知现状不容乐观。医学院校和教学医院应当从广度和深度2个方面早期介入和干预。医师职业精神的培养需要分阶段、长期性地进行,需要重视临床教师作为育人主体的医师职业精神教育,充分发挥其榜样引领作用,形成全员参与的培育氛围、贯穿全程的培育机制和全方位覆盖的培育格局。

Objective To define professionalism in medical education and to discover Chinese medical students'attitudes toward and understanding of medical professionalism.Methods In November 2022,the initial definition was constructed by literature research method.From March 2023 to April 2023,a questionnaire survey method was employed to gather data from 451 medical students at Shandong University.Descriptive statistical analysis was conducted on the data.Results The implications of 16 elements across 3 tiers were summarized and a questionnaire was developed to align with this analysis.A total of 451 valid questionnaires were returned.It included quantitative responses and some open-ended comments.The results showed that 110(24.4%)students who understood the concept of professionalism.Medical students have a low recognition of the connotation of″altruism″[179(39.7%)]and″timely reporting of colleagues'dereliction of duty and medical malpractice″[210(46.6%)].And more than 90%of students agreed that themselves or the physicians they work with can practice professionalism in their daily work.A total of 272(60.3%)students concurred that schools and hospitals serve as the primary venues for cultivating professionalism.Conclusions The current understanding of the professionalism among medical students is not optimistic.Professionalism cultivation is an educational priority for medical students,which needs to be carried out in stages and long-term.It is necessary to pay attention to the professionalism cultivation of clinical teachers as well,and form the cultivation atmosphere of full participation,full coverage,and the whole process.