锌离子电池生物基凝胶电解质研究进展

Research Progress of Bio-based Gel Electrolytes for Zinc Ion Batteries

锌离子电池因具备安全、低成本、环保等优点,近年来逐步成为研究热点。然而,水系电解液的一些固有挑战,如水的分解和泄漏,极大地阻碍了它们在能量储存方面的发展与应用。凝胶电解质能有效克服上述挑战,并且其柔性特性可促进锌离子电池在可穿戴电子领域的应用。目前,凝胶电解质大都以石油基聚合物为原料,这类材料通常难以降解。随着石油基聚合物造成的环境问题不断加剧,生物基凝胶电解质为解决石油基聚合物凝胶电解质的关键问题提供了一种新的解决方案。生物基凝胶电解质由于其低成本、环保和可降解性,被认为是柔性、可持续锌离子电池的关键技术之一。本文综述了近年来生物基凝胶电解质(包括纤维素、木质素、壳聚糖、海藻酸盐等)在锌离子电池中的研究进展,总结了生物基凝胶电解质的基本制备方式、优势以及不足,为生物基凝胶电解质的研究与应用提供一定的借鉴意义。

Zinc ion batteries have gradually become a research hotspot in recent years due to their advantages of safety,low cost,and environmental protection.However,some inherent challenges of aqueous electrolytes,such as water decomposition and leakage,greatly hinder their development and application in energy storage systems.Gel electrolytes can effectively overcome the above challenges,and their flexible characteristics can promote the application of zinc ion batteries in the field of wearable electronics.At present,most gel electrolytes are made from petroleum-based polymers,which are usually difficult to degrade.With the increasing environmental problems caused by petroleum-based polymers,bio-based gel electrolytes provide a new solution to the key problems of petroleum-based polymer gel electrolytes.Bio-based gel electrolyte is considered as one of the key technologies for flexible and sustainable zinc ion batteries due to its low-cost,environmental protection and degradability.This work reviews the research progress of bio-based gel electrolytes(including cellulose,lignin,chitosan,alginate,etc.)in zinc ion batteries in recent years,summarizes the basic preparation methods,advantages and disadvantages of bio-based gel electrolytes,and provides some guides for the research and application of bio-based gel electrolytes.