GC-MS结合保留指数分析不同方法提取的羊红膻挥发油成分

Analysis of the volatile oil composition of Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff extracted with different methods by GC-MS combining with retention index

目的:气相色谱-质谱联用(GC-MS)法结合保留指数比较不同方法提取羊红膻挥发油成分异同。方法:采用水蒸气蒸馏法、盐析辅助水蒸气蒸馏法、酶解辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取羊红膻挥发油,通过GC-MS结合保留指数分析上述不同方法提取挥发油的化学成分,并采用峰面积归一化法计算挥发油成分相对含量。结果:3种提取方法的挥发油提取率大小顺序为酶解辅助水蒸气蒸馏法、盐析辅助水蒸气蒸馏法、水蒸气蒸馏法。盐析辅助水蒸气蒸馏法提取的挥发油种类最多,其次为酶解辅助水蒸气蒸馏法,最后为水蒸气蒸馏法。不同方法提取的羊红膻挥发油主成分种类基本不变,但各类化合物的相对含量有变化。3种方法提取出的挥发油共鉴定出47个化合物,共有化合物35个,主要包括萜烯类、萜醚类、萜醇类、芳香族类和脂肪族类,其中含量较高的化合物有β-红没药烯(17.25%~19.42%)、石竹素(12.90%~15.70%)、1-(3-甲基-2-丁烯氧基)-4-(1-丙烯基)苯(5.02%~9.36%)和β-蒎烯(5.31%~6.62%)。结论:不同方法提取的羊红膻挥发油的化学成分种类及相对含量有一定的差异,但差异不大。研究结果可为提取羊红膻挥发油选择适宜提取方法及进一步的开发利用提供参考。

Objective:To compare the differences of the volatile oil components of Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff extracted with different methods by GC-MS combined with retention index.Methods:Volatile oil of Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff were extracted using steam distillation,salting-out assisted steam distillation and enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted steam distillation.The chemical components of volatile oil extracted by different methods were analyzed by GC-MS combined with retention index,while the relative contents of volatile oil components were calculated by peak area normalization method.Results:Among the three extraction methods,the extraction rate of volatile oil was as follows,enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted steam distillation>salting-out assisted steam distillation≈steam distillation method.The most comprehensive types of volatile oil were extracted by salting-out assisted steam distillation,followed by enzymatic hydrolysis-assisted steam distillation,and finally by steam distillation.The main types of the volatile oil components of Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff extracted with different methods were basically unchanged,but the relative contents of various compounds were different.A total of 47 compounds were identified from the volatile oil extracted with the three methods,including 35 common compounds.The main chemical structural types of these compounds were terpenes,terpenes,terpenoids,aromatics and aliphatics,among which the higher content compounds wereβ-bisabolene(17.25%-19.42%),caryophyllene oxide(12.90%-15.70%),1-(3-methyl-2-butenoxy)-4-(1-propenyl)benzene(5.02%-9.36%)andβ-pinene(5.31%-6.62%).Conclusion:The chemical composition types and relative contents of the volatile oil of Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff extracted with different methods are different,but the differences are not significant.The results can provide reference for the selection of suitable extraction methods and further utilization of volatile oil from Pimpinella thellungiana Wolff.