陕西宜君彭村北魏石窟调查记

A Survey into the Northern-Wei Grottoes in Peng Village of Yijun County,Shaanxi Province

陕西省宜君县的彭村石窟共有三窟。第3窟开凿于5世纪中期至太和十八年(494)孝文帝迁都洛阳前后,主要接受来自首都平城的影响。窟内造像偏瘦,也有可能完成于6世纪初。第1、2窟开凿于北魏迁都洛阳以后的6世纪初期,主要接受来自首都洛阳的影响,有汉式佛与菩萨造型。三窟造像都有十分浓厚的陕西地方风格,是当地艺术家的再创作。造像题材有三佛、弥勒、思维菩萨等,都是当时佛教界流行的坐禅观想修行需要的造像题材。

There is a grotto of three caves in Peng Village of Yijun County,Shaanxi Province.Cave 3,constructed during the mid-5"century to the 18"year of Taihe reign(494 CE)of the Northern-Wei dynasty when Emperor Xiaowen(孝文帝)moved the capital to Luoyang,completed probably in the early 6th century,has the slim-shaped Buddha statues under the influence of the capital of Pingcheng(present Datong).Cave 1 and Cave 2,built up in the early 6"century,have the Han-styled Buddha and the Bodhisattva statues under the impact from Luoyang as the capital of the Northern-Wei Dynasty then.The three caves have the Buddha statues with the impressive shared-feature of Shaanxi style,which are the innovation of the local artists.Three-Buddhas,Maitreya,pensive Bodhisattva are shaped as the major of the statues thematically,all represent the practice of meditation popular in the Buddhism at that time.