固-液相变材料在热水器中的应用综述

The application of solid-liquid phase change materials in water heaters:a systematic review

梳理了应用于热水器的固-液相变材料在稳定性、传热效率和光热转化效率三方面的性能优化研究及其在热水器中的应用研究进展,并对蓄热式热水器的发展方向提出了建议和展望。研究表明,国内外对于相变材料在热水器中的应用研究多集中于蓄热材料性能提升(蓄热能力、热导率、稳定性)及应用效果和效率提升方面,材料应用位置多见于热水器系统的水箱、蓄热器或集热器中,填充材料以石蜡居多。固-液相变材料的添加能够显著提升热水器性能,缩短加热时间,提升节能效果。但作为应用研究较少将应用成本纳入评价体系,仍需进一步结合相变材料的应用场景和经济性开展多目标综合评价研究,从而推动新型材料在热水器中的应用和推广。

The stability,heat transfer efficiency and photothermal conversion efficiency optimization studies of solid-liquid phase change materials(PCMs)applied to water heaters were reviewed.Suggestions and prospects were proposed.The study shows that domestic and foreign research on the application of phase change materials in water heaters focuses on the improvement of the performance of thermal storage materials(thermal storage capacity,thermal conductivity,stability)and the application of the effect and efficiency enhancement,and the location of the material application is mostly found in the water tank,storage or collector of the water heater system,and the filler materials are mostly paraffin wax.The addition of solidliquid phase change materials can significantly improve the performance of water heaters,shorten the heating time,and improve energy efficiency.However,as the application research rarely includes the application cost in the evaluation system,it is still necessary to further combine the application scenarios and economics of phase change materials to carry out a comprehensive multi-objective evaluation study,so as to promote the application and popularization of new materials in water heaters.