固始鸡与AA肉鸡胸肌脂质组特征及关键候选基因鉴定

Identification of Lipidome Characteristics and Key Candidate Genes in Breast Muscle of Gushi Chicken and AA Broiler

为研究不同鸡种胸肌的脂质组成,试验采用液相色谱质谱联用(LC-MS)技术对120日龄固始鸡和45日龄AA肉鸡胸肌的脂质组成进行表征。结果显示:共鉴定到51个亚类1 523种脂质分子,以甘油磷脂类(GPs)和甘油酯类(GLs)为主。筛选出207个显著性差异脂质分子(同时满足VIP>1、P<0.05),其中甘油三酯(TG)含量在固始鸡中较高,磷脂酰胆碱(PC)含量在AA肉鸡中较高。联合转录组结果分析,从固始鸡和AA肉鸡胸肌中分别筛选到49个和154个基因-脂质标识物对。基于上述结果,鉴定到17个关键基因和84个脂质标识物以及甘油磷脂代谢和甘油酯代谢两个关键通路,揭示了固始鸡和AA肉鸡胸肌肉质不同的脂质标识物和关键调控通路及候选基因。结果表明:TG和TC脂类分子含量的差异可能是导致固始鸡和AA肉鸡间肉质风味差异的主要原因。

In order to study the lipid composition of breast muscle of different chicken breeds,liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry(LC-MS)was used to characterize the lipid composition of breast muscle of 120-day-age Gushi chicken and 45-day-age AA broiler.The results of lipidome showed that 51 subclasses and 1523 kinds of lipid molecules were identified,mainly glycerol phospholipids(GPs)and glycerides(GLs).Two hundred seven lipid molecules with significant differences were screened(VIP>1,P<0.05),among which the content of triglyceride(TG)was higher in Gushi chicken and the content of phosphatidylcholine(PC)was higher in AA broiler.According to the analysis of the results of the combined transcriptome,49 and 154 gene-lipid marker pairs were screened from the breast muscle of Gushi chicken and AA broiler respectively.Based on the above results,17 key genes and 84 lipid markers as well as two key pathways of Glycerolphospholipid metabolism and Glycerolipid metabolism were identified,which revealed the different lipid markers,key regulatory pathways and candidate genes in the breast muscle of Gushi chicken and AA broiler.The results indicated that the difference in the molecular content of TG and PC lipids might be the important reason for the fleshy differences between Gushi chicken and AA broiler.