云南省“直过民族”中老年人抑郁症状的相关因素

Related factors of depression symptom among middle-aged and older adults of Zhiguo ethnic minority groups in Yunnan Province

目的:了解云南“直过民族”中老年人的抑郁症状检出现状及相关因素。方法:采用分层整群抽样,通过9条目患者健康问卷(PHQ-9)对1035名“直过民族”中老年人的抑郁症状进行测量(总分≥5分判定为有抑郁症状),通过自编问卷调查社会人口学、社会人际网络、心理健康状况、身体健康状况和健康行为5维度的24个变量信息。结果:存在抑郁症状231人(22.32%)。Logistic回归分析显示,职业为工人(OR=8.73)或农民(OR=7.34)或其他(OR=7.13)、近1月内感到紧张或焦虑(OR=5.43)、患1种(OR=2.81)或多种慢性病(OR=2.14)、存在睡眠问题(OR=3.74)、衰弱(OR=1.69)、轻中度疼痛(OR=2.23、4.37)和久坐(OR=2.27)的中老年人抑郁症状发生风险较高;社会支持得分(OR=0.96)和生命意义感得分(OR=0.96)较高的中老年人,抑郁症状发生风险较低。结论:云南省“直过民族”中老年人抑郁症状检出率不低,且受多种因素影响。

Objective:To analyze the prevalence and related factors of depression symptom among middleaged and older adults belonging to Zhiguo ethnic minority groups,who experienced relative isolation prior to modernization and bypassed the transitional period associated with feudal monarchy in Yunnan Province.Methods:Using stratified cluster sampling,a total of 1035 individuals from Zhiguo ethnic minority groups were investigated with the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire(PHQ-9)to measure depression symptom scores(a total score≥5 was considered indicative of depression symptom).A self-administered questionnaire was utilized to investigate 24 covariates across five dimensions:sociodemographic,social-interpersonal network,mental health status,physical health status,and health behaviors.Results:Among the surveyed participants,231 individuals(22.32%)exhibited depression symptoms.The logistic regression analysis showed that middle-aged and elderly people belonging to Zhiguo ethnic minority groups with occupations as laborers(OR=8.73),farmers(OR=7.34),and other professions(OR=7.13),those who reported feeling stressed or anxious in the last month(OR=5.43),those suffering from one(OR=2.81)or more chronic illnesses(OR=2.14),experiencing sleep problems(OR=3.74)/debilitating(OR=1.69)/mild-moderate pain(OR=2.23,4.37),and engaging in sedentary behavior(OR=2.27)were at higher risk for depressive symptoms.The risk of depressive symptoms was lower among middle-aged and elderly people belonging to Zhiguo ethnic minority groups with higher social support scores(OR=0.96)and meaning in life scores(OR=0.96).Conclusion:The prevalence of depressive symptoms among middle-aged and elderly individuals of Zhiguo ethnic minorities is substantial,influenced by multiple factors.