六朝时期建康一京口陆道要隘及交通考

Examinations of the.Jiankang-Jingkou Land Route Strategic Passes and Transportation During the Six Dynasties Period

六朝时期,京口、建康两地的交通,不论是军事行动还是日常行旅,都十分仰赖沿江陆道。这条二百里“王涂”,虽然距离短,但因其沟通都城与京口重镇的特殊区位价值,在六朝史上异常关键。通过系统考辨六朝及唐代原始文献的记载,该道上自东向西最重要的陆道要依次是:竹里、罗落、黄城与湖头。结合南宋以来景定《建康志》等南京、镇江地区方志的记载与考古学、地理学成果,将这4个关键节点连缀起来,可以判断二百里“王涂”的基本线路。两地道路形态的形成,主要受到宁镇山脉的制约,或可作为透视南方丘陵地带陆路交通演变规律的一个典型案例。

During the Six Dynasties period,the transportation between Jingkou and Jiankang,no matter it was for military operation or routine journey,very much relied on the land route along the Yangtze River.This so-called"wangtu"(royal route)of 200 li,though short in distance,was exceedingly crucial in the history of the Six Dynasties due to its special location value of linking the capital city with Jingkou the strategic town.Through systematic examination of recordings in original historical literature of the Six Dynasties and the Tang Dynasty,we learn that the most important strategic passes along this land route from the east to the west sequentially were Zhuli,Luoluo,Huangcheng and Hutou.Combining Nanjing and Zhenjiang local records recordings such as Jingding Jiankang Records since the Southern Song Dynasty,along with achievements in archeology and geography,we can make out the basic route of this 200 li"wangtu"by linking the four crucial points together.The formation of pattern of roads between the two places was mainly under the constraints of the Ningzhen Mountains,which could be seen as a typical case in looking through the evolution rules of land transportation in the southern hilly region.