2008—2021年广东省在校中学生非医疗目的使用精神活性物质流行趋势分析

Trend Analysis of the Prevalence of Non-medical Use of Psychoactive Substances Among Secondary School Students in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2021

目的:分析2008—2021年广东省在校中学生非医疗目的使用精神活性物质的流行趋势,为中学生药物滥用的预防和控制提供参考依据。方法:利用2008—2021年七次广东省在校中学生非医疗目的使用精神活性物质抽样调查的监测数据,对在校中学生非医疗目的使用精神活性物质的特征和流行趋势等进行回顾性分析,通过SPSS 26.0进行统计学分析。结果:2008—2021年共调查了198499名在校中学生,广东省中学生曾经非医疗目的使用精神活性物质率从2008年的10.80%下降至2021年的1.45%,总体呈下降趋势(χ^(2)_(趋势)=3787.463,P<0.001);复方甘草片、头痛散、去痛片和晕动片是使用率相对突出的几种药物;首次使用的原因主要是模仿或好奇心尝试以及缓解烦恼心理压力,首次使用场所主要是学校和家里,首次使用来源主要是家里和药店。结论:2008—2021年广东省中学生非医疗目的使用精神活性物质的报告率总体呈现下降趋势,说明相关部门近年来对中学生物质滥用的管控效果显著,但仍需加强对药店的管理、充分发挥家庭及学校在引导中学生正确使用药物中的作用,以期在未来实现更理想的监管效果。

Objective:To analyze the prevalence trends of non-medical use of psychoactive substances among secondary school students in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2021,aiming to provide valuable insightfor the prevention and control of drug abuse among secondary school students.Methods:A retrospective analysis was conducted to examine the characteristics and prevalence trends using monitoring data from seven sample surveys on the non-medical use of psychoactive substances among secondary school students in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2021.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 26.0.Results:A total of 198499 school secondary school students were surveyed from 2008 to 2021,and the prevalence of lifetimenon-medical use of psychoactive substances among secondary school students had declined from 10.80%in 2008 to 1.45%in 2021,with an overall decreasing trend(χ^(2)_( trend)=3787.463,P<0.001);compound licorice tablets,headache powder,analgesic tablet and motion sickness tablets were the drugs with relatively prominent prevalence of non-medical use;the reasons for the first non-medical use among secondary school students were mainly imitation or curiosity to try and relief of psychological pressure;the places of first non-medical use were mainly schools and homes;the sources of first non-medical use were mainly homes and pharmacies.Conclusion:The prevalence of non-medical use of psychoactive substances among secondary school students in Guangdong Province from 2008 to 2021 has shown an overall downward trend,which indicates that the relevant authorities have been effective in controlling substance abuse among secondary school students in recent years.However,there is still a need to strengthen the management of pharmacies and to maximize the roles of families and schools in guiding secondary school students to use drugs correctly,with a view to achieving more satisfactory effects in the future.