技术、组织、环境对企业专利合作网络的影响——基于生物医药上市企业的模糊集定性比较分析

The Impact of Technology,Organization,and Environment on the Patent Cooperation Network of Enterprises:A Fuzzy Set Qualitative Comparative Analysis Based on Biopharmaceutical Listed Companies

生物医药企业是技术密集型企业,专利合作网络对生物医药企业竞争力至关重要。选取73家生物医药上市企业为研究对象,基于内外因理论和TOE模型构建影响生物医药上市企业专利合作网络的前因变量模型,采用模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA)方法探究企业规模等5个前因变量与企业专利合作网络的关系及其作用机理。研究结果表明,存在4条影响企业专利合作网络的路径;企业形成高专利合作网络时,研发投入等变量组合发挥作用,单一变量无法起决定性作用;生物医药行业中的医疗器械上市企业受自身或外界环境限制,不易形成高专利合作网络。研究结论可为企业形成高专利合作网络以提高竞争力,以及政府制定相关政策提供了理论支持。

Biopharmaceutical companies are highly technology intensive enterprises,and patent cooperation networks are crucial for their competitiveness.73 biopharmaceutical listed companies were selected as the research objects.Based on the theory of internal and external factors and the TOE model,a antecedent variable model affecting the patent cooperation network of biopharmaceutical listed companies was constructed.Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis was used to explore the relationship and mechanism of the five antecedents,including enterprise size,with the patent cooperation network of the companies.The research results indicate that there are four paths that affect the patent cooperation network of enterprises;When forming a high patent cooperation network,various variables such as research and development investment play a role,and no single factor can play a decisive role;Medical device listed companies in the biopharmaceutical industry are limited by their own or external environment,making it difficult to form a high patent cooperation network.The research conclusion provides theoretical support for helping enterprises grasp relevant elements and helping the government formulate relevant policies.