我国碳交易价格形成机制研究综述

A Review on the Formation Mechanism of Carbon Trading Prices in China

全球气候变化日趋严重,各国纷纷制定了应对气候变化的目标和计划,其中碳市场作为一种有效的减排工具,受到了广泛的重视和关注。中国作为全球温室气体排放量最大的国家,也积极参与全球气候治理,提出了“2030年碳达峰、2060年碳中和”的愿景,并于2021年7月正式启动了全国碳排放权交易市场,这是中国碳市场建设的重要里程碑。在碳市场运行中,碳价格是一个关键的因素,直接影响着碳市场的效果和效率,也反映了碳减排的水平和成本。对中国碳交易价格形成机制的相关研究进行了系统总结和梳理,探讨了中国碳交易价格的形成机制、特征、影响因素和存在的问题,以及未来的对策和改进思路,为中国碳市场的发展和完善提供政策建议和理论支持。

Global climate change is becoming increasingly severe,prompting countries to establish targets and plans to combat it.Among these,the carbon market,as an effective tool for reducing emissions,has gained widespread attention and focus.China,as the largest emitter of greenhouse gases globally,actively participates in global climate governance.It has proposed the vision of“Carbon Peak by 2030 and Carbon Neutrality by 2060”.In July 2021,China officially launched the national carbon emission rights trading market,marking a critical milestone in the construction of China's carbon market.In the operation of the carbon market,the price of carbon is a key factor;it directly affects the effectiveness and efficiency of the carbon market and reflects the level and cost of carbon reduction in China.This article systematically summarises and reviews related research on the formation mechanism of carbon trading prices in China,exploring their mechanisms,characteristics,influencing factors,and existing issues.It also evaluates future countermeasures and improvement ideas,thus providing policy suggestions and theoretical support for the development and improvement of China's carbon market.